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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code> — Read and write WAV files</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#wave-read-objects">Wave_read Objects</a></li>
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<section id="module-wave">
<span id="wave-read-and-write-wav-files"></span><h1><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code> — Read and write WAV files<a class="headerlink" href="#module-wave" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="extlink-source reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.13/Lib/wave.py">Lib/wave.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-wave" title="wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code></a> module provides a convenient interface to the Waveform Audio
“WAVE” (or “WAV”) file format. Only uncompressed PCM encoded wave files are
supported.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.12: </span>Support for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE</span></code> headers was added, provided that the
extended format is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KSDATAFORMAT_SUBTYPE_PCM</span></code>.</p>
</div>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-wave" title="wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code></a> module defines the following function and exception:</p>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.open">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">wave.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">open</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">mode</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.open" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If <em>file</em> is a string, open the file by that name, otherwise treat it as a
file-like object. <em>mode</em> can be:</p>
<dl class="simple">
<dt><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'rb'</span></code></dt><dd><p>Read only mode.</p>
</dd>
<dt><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'wb'</span></code></dt><dd><p>Write only mode.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p>Note that it does not allow read/write WAV files.</p>
<p>A <em>mode</em> of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'rb'</span></code> returns a <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_read" title="wave.Wave_read"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_read</span></code></a> object, while a <em>mode</em> of
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'wb'</span></code> returns a <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write" title="wave.Wave_write"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_write</span></code></a> object. If <em>mode</em> is omitted and a
file-like object is passed as <em>file</em>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">file.mode</span></code> is used as the default
value for <em>mode</em>.</p>
<p>If you pass in a file-like object, the wave object will not close it when its
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code> method is called; it is the caller’s responsibility to close
the file object.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.open" title="wave.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a> function may be used in a <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#with"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">with</span></code></a> statement. When
the <code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">with</span></code> block completes, the <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_read.close" title="wave.Wave_read.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_read.close()</span></code></a> or
<a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.close" title="wave.Wave_write.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_write.close()</span></code></a> method is called.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Added support for unseekable files.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py exception">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Error">
<em class="property"><span class="k"><span class="pre">exception</span></span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">wave.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Error</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Error" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>An error raised when something is impossible because it violates the WAV
specification or hits an implementation deficiency.</p>
</dd></dl>
<section id="wave-read-objects">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>Wave_read Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#wave-read-objects" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read">
<em class="property"><span class="k"><span class="pre">class</span></span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">wave.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Wave_read</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Read a WAV file.</p>
<p>Wave_read objects, as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.open" title="wave.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a>, have the following methods:</p>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.close">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">close</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.close" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Close the stream if it was opened by <a class="reference internal" href="#module-wave" title="wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code></a>, and make the instance
unusable. This is called automatically on object collection.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getnchannels">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getnchannels</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getnchannels" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns number of audio channels (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> for mono, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code> for stereo).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getsampwidth">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getsampwidth</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getsampwidth" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns sample width in bytes.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getframerate">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getframerate</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getframerate" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns sampling frequency.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getnframes">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getnframes</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getnframes" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns number of audio frames.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getcomptype">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getcomptype</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getcomptype" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns compression type (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'NONE'</span></code> is the only supported type).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getcompname">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getcompname</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getcompname" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Human-readable version of <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_read.getcomptype" title="wave.Wave_read.getcomptype"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getcomptype()</span></code></a>. Usually <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'not</span> <span class="pre">compressed'</span></code>
parallels <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'NONE'</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getparams">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getparams</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getparams" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns a <a class="reference internal" href="collections.html#collections.namedtuple" title="collections.namedtuple"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">namedtuple()</span></code></a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(nchannels,</span> <span class="pre">sampwidth,</span>
<span class="pre">framerate,</span> <span class="pre">nframes,</span> <span class="pre">comptype,</span> <span class="pre">compname)</span></code>, equivalent to output of the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get*()</span></code> methods.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.readframes">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">readframes</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">n</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.readframes" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Reads and returns at most <em>n</em> frames of audio, as a <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> object.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.rewind">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">rewind</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.rewind" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Rewind the file pointer to the beginning of the audio stream.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>The following two methods are defined for compatibility with the old <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code>
module, and don’t do anything interesting.</p>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getmarkers">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getmarkers</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getmarkers" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p>
<div class="deprecated-removed">
<p><span class="versionmodified deprecated">Deprecated since version 3.13, will be removed in version 3.15: </span>The method only existed for compatibility with the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code> module
which has been removed in Python 3.13.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.getmark">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getmark</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">id</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.getmark" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Raise an error.</p>
<div class="deprecated-removed">
<p><span class="versionmodified deprecated">Deprecated since version 3.13, will be removed in version 3.15: </span>The method only existed for compatibility with the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code> module
which has been removed in Python 3.13.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p>The following two methods define a term “position” which is compatible between
them, and is otherwise implementation dependent.</p>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.setpos">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">setpos</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">pos</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.setpos" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the file pointer to the specified position.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_read.tell">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">tell</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_read.tell" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Return current file pointer position.</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="wave-write-objects">
<span id="id2"></span><h2>Wave_write Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#wave-write-objects" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write">
<em class="property"><span class="k"><span class="pre">class</span></span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">wave.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Wave_write</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Write a WAV file.</p>
<p>Wave_write objects, as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.open" title="wave.open"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open()</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>For seekable output streams, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code> header will automatically be updated
to reflect the number of frames actually written. For unseekable streams, the
<em>nframes</em> value must be accurate when the first frame data is written. An
accurate <em>nframes</em> value can be achieved either by calling
<a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.setnframes" title="wave.Wave_write.setnframes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setnframes()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.setparams" title="wave.Wave_write.setparams"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setparams()</span></code></a> with the number
of frames that will be written before <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.close" title="wave.Wave_write.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code></a> is called and
then using <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.writeframesraw" title="wave.Wave_write.writeframesraw"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframesraw()</span></code></a> to write the frame data, or by
calling <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.writeframes" title="wave.Wave_write.writeframes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframes()</span></code></a> with all of the frame data to be
written. In the latter case <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.writeframes" title="wave.Wave_write.writeframes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframes()</span></code></a> will calculate
the number of frames in the data and set <em>nframes</em> accordingly before writing
the frame data.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Added support for unseekable files.</p>
</div>
<p>Wave_write objects have the following methods:</p>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.close">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">close</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.close" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Make sure <em>nframes</em> is correct, and close the file if it was opened by
<a class="reference internal" href="#module-wave" title="wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code></a>. This method is called upon object collection. It will raise
an exception if the output stream is not seekable and <em>nframes</em> does not
match the number of frames actually written.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.setnchannels">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">setnchannels</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">n</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.setnchannels" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the number of channels.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.setsampwidth">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">setsampwidth</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">n</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.setsampwidth" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the sample width to <em>n</em> bytes.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.setframerate">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">setframerate</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">n</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.setframerate" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the frame rate to <em>n</em>.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.2: </span>A non-integral input to this method is rounded to the nearest
integer.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.setnframes">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">setnframes</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">n</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.setnframes" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the number of frames to <em>n</em>. This will be changed later if the number
of frames actually written is different (this update attempt will
raise an error if the output stream is not seekable).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.setcomptype">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">setcomptype</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">type</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">name</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.setcomptype" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the compression type and description. At the moment, only compression type
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NONE</span></code> is supported, meaning no compression.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.setparams">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">setparams</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">tuple</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.setparams" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>The <em>tuple</em> should be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(nchannels,</span> <span class="pre">sampwidth,</span> <span class="pre">framerate,</span> <span class="pre">nframes,</span> <span class="pre">comptype,</span>
<span class="pre">compname)</span></code>, with values valid for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set*()</span></code> methods. Sets all
parameters.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.tell">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">tell</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.tell" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Return current position in the file, with the same disclaimer for the
<a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_read.tell" title="wave.Wave_read.tell"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_read.tell()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_read.setpos" title="wave.Wave_read.setpos"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_read.setpos()</span></code></a> methods.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.writeframesraw">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">writeframesraw</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">data</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.writeframesraw" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Write audio frames, without correcting <em>nframes</em>.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Any <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-bytes-like-object"><span class="xref std std-term">bytes-like object</span></a> is now accepted.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="wave.Wave_write.writeframes">
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">writeframes</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">data</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#wave.Wave_write.writeframes" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Write audio frames and make sure <em>nframes</em> is correct. It will raise an
error if the output stream is not seekable and the total number of frames
that have been written after <em>data</em> has been written does not match the
previously set value for <em>nframes</em>.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>Any <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-bytes-like-object"><span class="xref std std-term">bytes-like object</span></a> is now accepted.</p>
</div>
<p>Note that it is invalid to set any parameters after calling <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.writeframes" title="wave.Wave_write.writeframes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframes()</span></code></a>
or <a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Wave_write.writeframesraw" title="wave.Wave_write.writeframesraw"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">writeframesraw()</span></code></a>, and any attempt to do so will raise
<a class="reference internal" href="#wave.Error" title="wave.Error"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave.Error</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
</section>
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