Additional Doc Restructure

2026-01-27 05:57:50 -07:00
parent e73bb0376f
commit 886fd0db07
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--- a/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/collapse-differencing-disk-chains.md
+++ b/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/collapse-differencing-disk-chains.md
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+## Purpose
+Sometimes things go awry with backup servers and Hyper-V and a bunch of extra `.avhdx` virtual differencing disks are created, taking up a ton of space.  This can be problematic because if you run out of space, the virtual machines running on that underlying storage will stop working.  Sometimes this can involve dozens or even hundreds of differencing disks in rare cases that need to be manually merged or "collapsed" down to reclaim the lost space.
+
+This script automatically iterates through the entire differencing disk chain all the way back to the base disk / parent, and automatically collapses the chain downward from the newest checkpoint (provided as an argument to the script) to the original (non-differencing) base disk.  This can automate a huge amount of work when this issue happens due to backup servers or other unexplainable anomalies.
+
+## Powershell Script
+You need to copy the contents of the following somewhere on your computer and save it as `Get-HyperVParentDisks.ps1`.  
+``` powershell
+param (
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true, HelpMessage="Specify the path to the AVHDX file.")]
+    [string]$AVHDXPath,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, HelpMessage="Specify this flag to merge disks into their parents.")]
+    [switch]$MergeIntoParents,
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false, HelpMessage="Specify this flag to simulate the merging process without actually performing it.")]
+    [switch]$DryRun
+)
+
+function Get-ParentDisk {
+    param (
+        [string]$ChildDisk
+    )
+    $diskInfo = Get-VHD -Path $ChildDisk
+    return $diskInfo.ParentPath
+}
+
+function Get-AllParentDisksChain {
+    param ([string]$CurrentDisk)
+    $parentDiskChain = @()
+    while ($CurrentDisk) {
+        $parentDisk = Get-ParentDisk -ChildDisk $CurrentDisk
+        if ($parentDisk) { 
+            $parentDiskChain += $CurrentDisk  # Add the current disk to the chain before moving to the parent
+            $CurrentDisk = $parentDisk 
+        } else { 
+            break 
+        }
+    }
+    $parentDiskChain += $CurrentDisk  # Add the base disk at the end of the chain
+    return $parentDiskChain
+}
+
+function Merge-DiskIntoParent {
+    param ([string]$ChildDisk, [string]$ParentDisk, [int]$DiskNumber, [int]$TotalDisks)
+    
+    if ($DryRun) {
+        Write-Output "[Differential Disk $DiskNumber of $TotalDisks]"
+        Write-Output "Child: $ChildDisk"
+        Write-Output "Parent: $ParentDisk"
+        Write-Output "[Dry Run] Would Merge Child into Parent"
+    } else {
+        Write-Output "[Differential Disk $DiskNumber of $TotalDisks]"
+        Write-Output "Child: $ChildDisk"
+        Write-Output "Parent: $ParentDisk"
+        try {
+            $childDiskInfo = Get-VHD -Path $ChildDisk
+            if ($childDiskInfo.VhdFormat -ne 'VHDX' -or $childDiskInfo.VhdType -ne 'Differencing') {
+                Write-Output "Error: $ChildDisk is not a valid differencing disk (AVHDX) and cannot be merged."
+                throw "Invalid Disk Type for Merging."
+            }
+            Merge-VHD -Path $ChildDisk -DestinationPath $ParentDisk -Confirm:$false
+            Write-Output "Successfully Merged Child into Parent"
+        } catch {
+            Write-Output "Failed to Merge ${ChildDisk} into ${ParentDisk}: $_"
+            Restart-Service -Name vmms
+            throw "Merge failed. Halting Script."
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Output "Starting Parent Disk Chain Search for: $AVHDXPath"
+$parentDiskChain = Get-AllParentDisksChain -CurrentDisk $AVHDXPath
+$totalDisks = $parentDiskChain.Count
+Write-Output "Total Parent Disks Found: $totalDisks"
+
+if ($MergeIntoParents) {
+    Write-Output "`nStarting Merge Process..."
+    for ($i = 0; $i -lt ($totalDisks - 1); $i++) {
+        $currentDisk = $parentDiskChain[$i]
+        $nextDisk = $parentDiskChain[$i + 1]
+        Merge-DiskIntoParent -ChildDisk $currentDisk -ParentDisk $nextDisk -DiskNumber ($i + 1) -TotalDisks $totalDisks
+    }
+    Write-Output "Merge Process Completed."
+} elseif ($DryRun) {
+    Write-Output "[Dry Run] Merge Simulation Completed."
+}
+```
+
+## Script Usage Syntax
+You can run the script in a few different ways, seen below:
+
+Merge Disks:
+`.\Get-HyperVParentDisks.ps1 -MergeIntoParents -AVHDXPath "Z:\Example\Virtual Hard Disks\Example.avhdx"`
+
+!!! info "Example Output"
+    ```
+    Starting parent disk search for: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_E5F78673-3DAD-4211-AC0A-A3BDEB763B63.avhdx
+    Total parent disks found: 6
+
+    Starting merge process...
+    [Differential Disk 1 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_E5F78673-3DAD-4211-AC0A-A3BDEB763B63.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_8B9EDF27-6B7D-4766-AE60-ED67BF3055AE.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+
+    [Differential Disk 2 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_8B9EDF27-6B7D-4766-AE60-ED67BF3055AE.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_6607B03C-E3F8-49CC-A69B-68BA3DACE81F.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+
+    [Differential Disk 3 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_6607B03C-E3F8-49CC-A69B-68BA3DACE81F.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_BB68092D-626C-47AA-A20D-93DB0FEB4167.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+
+    [Differential Disk 4 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_BB68092D-626C-47AA-A20D-93DB0FEB4167.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_2E6147A8-1C6E-4A07-ABA8-6DE3AFB79974.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+
+    [Differential Disk 5 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_2E6147A8-1C6E-4A07-ABA8-6DE3AFB79974.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER.vhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+    Merge process completed
+    ```
+
+Dry Run (Non-Destructive):
+`.\Get-HyperVParentDisks.ps1 -MergeIntoParents -DryRun -AVHDXPath "Z:\Example\Virtual Hard Disks\Example.avhdx"`
+
+!!! info "Example Output"
+    ```
+    Starting parent disk search for: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_E5F78673-3DAD-4211-AC0A-A3BDEB763B63.avhdx
+    Total parent disks found: 6
+
+    Starting merge process...
+    [Differential Disk 1 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_E5F78673-3DAD-4211-AC0A-A3BDEB763B63.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_8B9EDF27-6B7D-4766-AE60-ED67BF3055AE.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+    
+    [Differential Disk 2 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_8B9EDF27-6B7D-4766-AE60-ED67BF3055AE.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_6607B03C-E3F8-49CC-A69B-68BA3DACE81F.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+
+    [Differential Disk 3 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_6607B03C-E3F8-49CC-A69B-68BA3DACE81F.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_BB68092D-626C-47AA-A20D-93DB0FEB4167.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+
+    [Differential Disk 4 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_BB68092D-626C-47AA-A20D-93DB0FEB4167.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_2E6147A8-1C6E-4A07-ABA8-6DE3AFB79974.avhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+
+    [Differential Disk 5 of 6]
+    Child: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER_2E6147A8-1C6E-4A07-ABA8-6DE3AFB79974.avhdx
+    Parent: Z:\DISK-MERGE-TESTER\Virtual Hard Disks\DISK-MERGE-TESTER.vhdx
+    [Dry Run] Would merge child into parent
+    Merge process completed.
+    ```
--- a/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/delete-locked-vhdx-file.md
+++ b/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/delete-locked-vhdx-file.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+**Purpose**:
+You may find that you cannot delete a VHDX file for a virtual machine you removed from Hyper-V and/or Hyper-V Failover Cluster, and either cannot afford to, or do not want to reboot your virtualization host(s) to unlock the file locked by `SYSTEM`.
+
+Run the following commands to unlock the file and delete it:
+
+```powershell
+Dismount-VHD -Path "C:\Path\To\Disk.vhdx" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+Remove-Item -Path "C:\Path\To\Disk.vhdx" -Force
+```
--- a/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/failover-cluster/force-reboot-remote-cluster-node.md
+++ b/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/failover-cluster/force-reboot-remote-cluster-node.md
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+**Purpose**: Sometimes a Hyper-V Failover Cluster node does not want to shut down, or is having issues preventing you from migrating VMs to another node in the cluster, etc.  In these situations, you can run this script to force a cluster node to reboot itself.
+
+!!! warning "Run from a Different Server"
+    You absolutely do not want to run the script locally on the node that is having the issues.  There are commands that can only take place if the script is ran on another node in the cluster (or another domain-joined device) logged-in with a domain administrator account.
+    
+```powershell
+# PowerShell Script to Reboot a Hyper-V Failover Cluster Node and Kill clussvc
+
+# Prompt for the hostname
+$hostName = Read-Host -Prompt "Enter the hostname of the Hyper-V Failover Cluster Node"
+
+# Output the step
+Try{
+    Write-Host "Sending reboot command to $hostName..."
+    # Send the reboot command
+    Restart-Computer -ComputerName $hostName -Force -ErrorAction Stop
+}
+Catch{
+    Write-Host "Reboot already in queue"
+}
+
+# Output waiting
+Write-Host "Waiting for 120 seconds..."
+
+# Wait for 120 seconds
+Start-Sleep -Seconds 120
+
+# Output stoping clussvc
+Write-Host "Checking if Cluster Service needs to be stopped"
+
+# Kill the clussvc service
+Invoke-Command -ComputerName $hostName -ScriptBlock {
+    try {
+        $service = Get-Service -Name clussvc
+        $process = Get-Process -Name $service.Name
+        Stop-Process -Id $process.Id -Force
+    } catch {
+        Write-Host "Error stopping clussvc: $_"
+    }
+}
+
+# Output the step
+Write-Host "Waiting for 60 seconds..."
+Start-Sleep -Seconds 60
+
+# Kill the VMMS service
+Invoke-Command -ComputerName $hostName -ScriptBlock {
+    try {
+        $service = Get-Service -Name vmms
+        $process = Get-Process -Name $service.Name
+        Stop-Process -Id $process.Id -Force
+    } catch {
+        Write-Host "Error stopping VMMS: $_"
+    }
+}
+
+# Output the completion
+Write-Host "Reboot for $hostName should now be underway."
+```
--- a/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/failover-cluster/replication-bumper.md
+++ b/operations/reference/powershell/hyper-v/failover-cluster/replication-bumper.md
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+**Purpose**:
+This script *bumps* any replication that has entered a paused state due to a replication error. The script will record failed attempts at restarting the replication. The logs will rotate out every 5-days.
+
+``` powershell
+# Define the directory to store the log files
+$logDir = "C:\ClusterStorage\Volume1\Scripts\Logs"
+if (-not (Test-Path $logDir)) {
+    New-Item -Path $logDir -ItemType Directory
+}
+
+# Get today's date and format it for the log file name
+$today = Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd"
+$logFile = Join-Path -Path $logDir -ChildPath "ReplicationLog_$today.txt"
+
+# Manually create the log file if it doesn't exist
+if (-not (Test-Path $logFile)) {
+    Write-Host "Log file does not exist. Attempting creation..."
+    try {
+        New-Item -Path $logFile -ItemType File
+        Write-Host "Log file $logFile created successfully."
+    } catch {
+        Write-Error "Failed to create log file. Error: $_"
+    }
+}
+
+# Delete log files older than 5 days
+Get-ChildItem -Path $logDir -Filter "ReplicationLog_*.txt" | Where-Object { 
+    $_.CreationTime -lt (Get-Date).AddDays(-5)
+} | Remove-Item
+
+# Get a list of all nodes in the cluster
+$clusterNodes = Get-ClusterNode
+
+# Iterate over each cluster node
+foreach ($node in $clusterNodes) {
+    try {
+        # Get VMs with Critical ReplicationHealth from the current node
+        $vmsInCriticalState = Get-VMReplication -ComputerName $node.Name | Where-Object { $_.ReplicationHealth -eq 'Critical' }
+    } catch {
+        Write-Error "Failed to retrieve VMs from Node: $($node.Name). Error: $_"
+        # Log the error and continue to the next node
+        Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "Failed to retrieve VMs from Node: $($node.Name) at $(Get-Date)"
+        continue
+    }
+
+    foreach ($vm in $vmsInCriticalState) {
+        Write-Host "Checking VM: $($vm.Name) on Node: $($node.Name) for replication issues."
+        Write-Host "Replication State for VM: $($vm.Name) is $($vm.ReplicationState)"
+
+        # Check if the replication state is valid to resume
+        if ($vm.ReplicationState -eq 'Resynchronization required' -or $vm.ReplicationState -eq 'WaitingForStartResynchronize') {
+            Write-Warning "Replication for VM: $($vm.Name) on Node: $($node.Name) is in '$($vm.ReplicationState)' state. Skipping..."
+            # Log the VM that is in 'Resynchronization required' or 'WaitingForStartResynchronize' state
+            Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "Replication for VM: $($vm.Name) on Node: $($node.Name) is in '$($vm.ReplicationState)' state at $(Get-Date)"
+            continue
+        }
+
+        try {
+            # Try to resume replication for the VM
+            Resume-VMReplication -VMName $vm.Name -ComputerName $node.Name
+            Write-Host "Resumed replication for VM: $($vm.Name) on Node: $($node.Name)"
+        } catch {
+            Write-Error "Failed to resume replication for VM: $($vm.Name) on Node: $($node.Name) - $_"
+            # Write the failed VM name to the log file
+            Add-Content -Path $logFile -Value "Failed to resume replication for VM: $($vm.Name) on Node: $($node.Name) at $(Get-Date)"
+        }
+    }
+}
+```