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<section id="the-very-high-level-layer">
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<span id="veryhigh"></span><h1>The Very High Level Layer<a class="headerlink" href="#the-very-high-level-layer" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
|
||
<p>The functions in this chapter will let you execute Python source code given in a
|
||
file or a buffer, but they will not let you interact in a more detailed way with
|
||
the interpreter.</p>
|
||
<p>Several of these functions accept a start symbol from the grammar as a
|
||
parameter. The available start symbols are <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_eval_input" title="Py_eval_input"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_eval_input</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_file_input" title="Py_file_input"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_file_input</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_single_input" title="Py_single_input"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_single_input</span></code></a>. These are described
|
||
following the functions which accept them as parameters.</p>
|
||
<p>Note also that several of these functions take <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> parameters. One
|
||
particular issue which needs to be handled carefully is that the <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FILE</span></code>
|
||
structure for different C libraries can be different and incompatible. Under
|
||
Windows (at least), it is possible for dynamically linked extensions to actually
|
||
use different libraries, so care should be taken that <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> parameters
|
||
are only passed to these functions if it is certain that they were created by
|
||
the same library that the Python runtime is using.</p>
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_AnyFile">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_AnyFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_AnyFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_AnyFileExFlags" title="PyRun_AnyFileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_AnyFileExFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
<em>closeit</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and <em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_AnyFileFlags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_AnyFileFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_AnyFileFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_AnyFileExFlags" title="PyRun_AnyFileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_AnyFileExFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
the <em>closeit</em> argument set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_AnyFileEx">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_AnyFileEx</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">closeit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_AnyFileEx" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_AnyFileExFlags" title="PyRun_AnyFileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_AnyFileExFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
the <em>flags</em> argument set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_AnyFileExFlags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_AnyFileExFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">closeit</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_AnyFileExFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>If <em>fp</em> refers to a file associated with an interactive device (console or
|
||
terminal input or Unix pseudo-terminal), return the value of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_InteractiveLoop" title="PyRun_InteractiveLoop"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_InteractiveLoop()</span></code></a>, otherwise return the result of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleFile" title="PyRun_SimpleFile"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFile()</span></code></a>. <em>filename</em> is decoded from the filesystem
|
||
encoding (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.getfilesystemencoding" title="sys.getfilesystemencoding"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.getfilesystemencoding()</span></code></a>). If <em>filename</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>, this
|
||
function uses <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">"???"</span></code> as the filename.
|
||
If <em>closeit</em> is true, the file is closed before
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags()</span></code> returns.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_SimpleString">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleString</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">command</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleString" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleStringFlags" title="PyRun_SimpleStringFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleStringFlags()</span></code></a> below,
|
||
leaving the <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><code class="xref c c-struct docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></code></a>* argument set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_SimpleStringFlags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleStringFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">command</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleStringFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Executes the Python source code from <em>command</em> in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/__main__.html#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where top-level code is run. Covers command-line interfaces, import-time behavior, and ``__name__ == '__main__'``."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a> module
|
||
according to the <em>flags</em> argument. If <a class="reference internal" href="../library/__main__.html#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where top-level code is run. Covers command-line interfaces, import-time behavior, and ``__name__ == '__main__'``."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a> does not already exist, it
|
||
is created. Returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> on success or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> if an exception was raised. If
|
||
there was an error, there is no way to get the exception information. For the
|
||
meaning of <em>flags</em>, see below.</p>
|
||
<p>Note that if an otherwise unhandled <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#SystemExit" title="SystemExit"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SystemExit</span></code></a> is raised, this
|
||
function will not return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>, but exit the process, as long as
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="init_config.html#c.PyConfig.inspect" title="PyConfig.inspect"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.inspect</span></code></a> is zero.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_SimpleFile">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags" title="PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags()</span></code></a> below,
|
||
leaving <em>closeit</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and <em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_SimpleFileEx">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFileEx</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">closeit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleFileEx" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags" title="PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags()</span></code></a> below,
|
||
leaving <em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">closeit</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Similar to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_SimpleStringFlags" title="PyRun_SimpleStringFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleStringFlags()</span></code></a>, but the Python source code is read
|
||
from <em>fp</em> instead of an in-memory string. <em>filename</em> should be the name of
|
||
the file, it is decoded from <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-filesystem-encoding-and-error-handler"><span class="xref std std-term">filesystem encoding and error handler</span></a>.
|
||
If <em>closeit</em> is true, the file is closed before
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags()</span></code> returns.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
<p>On Windows, <em>fp</em> should be opened as binary mode (e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fopen(filename,</span> <span class="pre">"rb")</span></code>).
|
||
Otherwise, Python may not handle script file with LF line ending correctly.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_InteractiveOne">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_InteractiveOne</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_InteractiveOne" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags" title="PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags()</span></code></a> below,
|
||
leaving <em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Read and execute a single statement from a file associated with an
|
||
interactive device according to the <em>flags</em> argument. The user will be
|
||
prompted using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.ps1</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.ps2</span></code>. <em>filename</em> is decoded from the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-filesystem-encoding-and-error-handler"><span class="xref std std-term">filesystem encoding and error handler</span></a>.</p>
|
||
<p>Returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> when the input was
|
||
executed successfully, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> if there was an exception, or an error code
|
||
from the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">errcode.h</span></code> include file distributed as part of Python if
|
||
there was a parse error. (Note that <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">errcode.h</span></code> is not included by
|
||
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python.h</span></code>, so must be included specifically if needed.)</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_InteractiveLoop">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_InteractiveLoop</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_InteractiveLoop" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags" title="PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags()</span></code></a> below,
|
||
leaving <em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Read and execute statements from a file associated with an interactive device
|
||
until EOF is reached. The user will be prompted using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.ps1</span></code> and
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.ps2</span></code>. <em>filename</em> is decoded from the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-filesystem-encoding-and-error-handler"><span class="xref std std-term">filesystem encoding and
|
||
error handler</span></a>. Returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> at EOF or a negative number upon failure.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c var">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyOS_InputHook">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">(</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyOS_InputHook</span></span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">)</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">(</span></span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">)</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyOS_InputHook" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>Can be set to point to a function with the prototype
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">func(void)</span></code>. The function will be called when Python’s
|
||
interpreter prompt is about to become idle and wait for user input
|
||
from the terminal. The return value is ignored. Overriding this
|
||
hook can be used to integrate the interpreter’s prompt with other
|
||
event loops, as done in the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Modules/_tkinter.c</span></code> in the
|
||
Python source code.</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.12: </span>This function is only called from the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="init.html#sub-interpreter-support"><span class="std std-ref">main interpreter</span></a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c var">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyOS_ReadlineFunctionPointer">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">(</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyOS_ReadlineFunctionPointer</span></span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">)</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">(</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">)</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyOS_ReadlineFunctionPointer" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Can be set to point to a function with the prototype
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">char</span> <span class="pre">*func(FILE</span> <span class="pre">*stdin,</span> <span class="pre">FILE</span> <span class="pre">*stdout,</span> <span class="pre">char</span> <span class="pre">*prompt)</span></code>,
|
||
overriding the default function used to read a single line of input
|
||
at the interpreter’s prompt. The function is expected to output
|
||
the string <em>prompt</em> if it’s not <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>, and then read a line of
|
||
input from the provided standard input file, returning the
|
||
resulting string. For example, The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline</span></code></a> module sets
|
||
this hook to provide line-editing and tab-completion features.</p>
|
||
<p>The result must be a string allocated by <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#c.PyMem_RawMalloc" title="PyMem_RawMalloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawMalloc()</span></code></a> or
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#c.PyMem_RawRealloc" title="PyMem_RawRealloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawRealloc()</span></code></a>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if an error occurred.</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>The result must be allocated by <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#c.PyMem_RawMalloc" title="PyMem_RawMalloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawMalloc()</span></code></a> or
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#c.PyMem_RawRealloc" title="PyMem_RawRealloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawRealloc()</span></code></a>, instead of being allocated by
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#c.PyMem_Malloc" title="PyMem_Malloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_Malloc()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#c.PyMem_Realloc" title="PyMem_Realloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_Realloc()</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.12: </span>This function is only called from the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="init.html#sub-interpreter-support"><span class="std std-ref">main interpreter</span></a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_String">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_String</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">str</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_String" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_StringFlags" title="PyRun_StringFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_StringFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
<em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_StringFlags">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_StringFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">str</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_StringFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Execute Python source code from <em>str</em> in the context specified by the
|
||
objects <em>globals</em> and <em>locals</em> with the compiler flags specified by
|
||
<em>flags</em>. <em>globals</em> must be a dictionary; <em>locals</em> can be any object
|
||
that implements the mapping protocol. The parameter <em>start</em> specifies
|
||
the start token that should be used to parse the source code.</p>
|
||
<p>Returns the result of executing the code as a Python object, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if an
|
||
exception was raised.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_File">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_File</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_File" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_FileExFlags" title="PyRun_FileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_FileExFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
<em>closeit</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and <em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_FileEx">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_FileEx</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">closeit</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_FileEx" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_FileExFlags" title="PyRun_FileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_FileExFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
<em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_FileFlags">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_FileFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_FileFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_FileExFlags" title="PyRun_FileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_FileExFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
<em>closeit</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyRun_FileExFlags">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyRun_FileExFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">closeit</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyRun_FileExFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Similar to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_StringFlags" title="PyRun_StringFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_StringFlags()</span></code></a>, but the Python source code is read from
|
||
<em>fp</em> instead of an in-memory string. <em>filename</em> should be the name of the file,
|
||
it is decoded from the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-filesystem-encoding-and-error-handler"><span class="xref std std-term">filesystem encoding and error handler</span></a>.
|
||
If <em>closeit</em> is true, the file is closed before <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyRun_FileExFlags" title="PyRun_FileExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRun_FileExFlags()</span></code></a>
|
||
returns.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_CompileString">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_CompileString</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">str</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_CompileString" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_CompileStringFlags" title="Py_CompileStringFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_CompileStringFlags()</span></code></a> below, leaving
|
||
<em>flags</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_CompileStringFlags">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_CompileStringFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">str</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_CompileStringFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_CompileStringExFlags" title="Py_CompileStringExFlags"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_CompileStringExFlags()</span></code></a> below, with
|
||
<em>optimize</em> set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_CompileStringObject">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_CompileStringObject</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">str</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">optimize</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_CompileStringObject" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Parse and compile the Python source code in <em>str</em>, returning the resulting code
|
||
object. The start token is given by <em>start</em>; this can be used to constrain the
|
||
code which can be compiled and should be <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_eval_input" title="Py_eval_input"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_eval_input</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_file_input" title="Py_file_input"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_file_input</span></code></a>, or <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_single_input" title="Py_single_input"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_single_input</span></code></a>. The filename specified by
|
||
<em>filename</em> is used to construct the code object and may appear in tracebacks or
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a> exception messages. This returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if the code
|
||
cannot be parsed or compiled.</p>
|
||
<p>The integer <em>optimize</em> specifies the optimization level of the compiler; a
|
||
value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> selects the optimization level of the interpreter as given by
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-O"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-O</span></code></a> options. Explicit levels are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> (no optimization;
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__debug__</span></code> is true), <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> (asserts are removed, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__debug__</span></code> is false)
|
||
or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code> (docstrings are removed too).</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.4.</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_CompileStringExFlags">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_CompileStringExFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">str</span></span>, <span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">char</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">filename</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">start</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">flags</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">optimize</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_CompileStringExFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Like <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_CompileStringObject" title="Py_CompileStringObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_CompileStringObject()</span></code></a>, but <em>filename</em> is a byte string
|
||
decoded from the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-filesystem-encoding-and-error-handler"><span class="xref std std-term">filesystem encoding and error handler</span></a>.</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.2.</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_EvalCode">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_EvalCode</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">co</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_EvalCode" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>This is a simplified interface to <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_EvalCodeEx" title="PyEval_EvalCodeEx"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_EvalCodeEx()</span></code></a>, with just
|
||
the code object, and global and local variables. The other arguments are
|
||
set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_EvalCodeEx">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_EvalCodeEx</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">co</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">globals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">locals</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">args</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">argcount</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">kws</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">kwcount</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="k"><span class="pre">const</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">defs</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">defcount</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">kwdefs</span></span>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">closure</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_EvalCodeEx" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>Evaluate a precompiled code object, given a particular environment for its
|
||
evaluation. This environment consists of a dictionary of global variables,
|
||
a mapping object of local variables, arrays of arguments, keywords and
|
||
defaults, a dictionary of default values for <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#keyword-only-parameter"><span class="std std-ref">keyword-only</span></a> arguments and a closure tuple of cells.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_EvalFrame">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_EvalFrame</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="frame.html#c.PyFrameObject" title="PyFrameObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyFrameObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">f</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_EvalFrame" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>Evaluate an execution frame. This is a simplified interface to
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyEval_EvalFrameEx" title="PyEval_EvalFrameEx"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_EvalFrameEx()</span></code></a>, for backward compatibility.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_EvalFrameEx">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_EvalFrameEx</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="frame.html#c.PyFrameObject" title="PyFrameObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyFrameObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">f</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">throwflag</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_EvalFrameEx" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><em class="stableabi"> Part of the <a class="reference internal" href="stable.html#stable"><span class="std std-ref">Stable ABI</span></a>.</em><p>This is the main, unvarnished function of Python interpretation. The code
|
||
object associated with the execution frame <em>f</em> is executed, interpreting
|
||
bytecode and executing calls as needed. The additional <em>throwflag</em>
|
||
parameter can mostly be ignored - if true, then it causes an exception
|
||
to immediately be thrown; this is used for the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#generator.throw" title="generator.throw"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">throw()</span></code></a>
|
||
methods of generator objects.</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.4: </span>This function now includes a debug assertion to help ensure that it
|
||
does not silently discard an active exception.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyEval_MergeCompilerFlags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyEval_MergeCompilerFlags</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="PyCompilerFlags"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">cf</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyEval_MergeCompilerFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This function changes the flags of the current evaluation frame, and returns
|
||
true on success, false on failure.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c var">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_eval_input">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_eval_input</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_eval_input" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p id="index-0">The start symbol from the Python grammar for isolated expressions; for use with
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_CompileString" title="Py_CompileString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_CompileString()</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c var">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_file_input">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_file_input</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_file_input" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p id="index-1">The start symbol from the Python grammar for sequences of statements as read
|
||
from a file or other source; for use with <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_CompileString" title="Py_CompileString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_CompileString()</span></code></a>. This is
|
||
the symbol to use when compiling arbitrarily long Python source code.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c var">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.Py_single_input">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">Py_single_input</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_single_input" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p id="index-2">The start symbol from the Python grammar for a single statement; for use with
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_CompileString" title="Py_CompileString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_CompileString()</span></code></a>. This is the symbol used for the interactive
|
||
interpreter loop.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c struct">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCompilerFlags">
|
||
<span class="k"><span class="pre">struct</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This is the structure used to hold compiler flags. In cases where code is only
|
||
being compiled, it is passed as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span> <span class="pre">flags</span></code>, and in cases where code is being
|
||
executed, it is passed as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span> <span class="pre">*flags</span></code>. In this case, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">from</span>
|
||
<span class="pre">__future__</span> <span class="pre">import</span></code> can modify <em>flags</em>.</p>
|
||
<p>Whenever <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCompilerFlags</span> <span class="pre">*flags</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags.cf_flags" title="PyCompilerFlags.cf_flags"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cf_flags</span></code></a> is treated as
|
||
equal to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>, and any modification due to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">from</span> <span class="pre">__future__</span> <span class="pre">import</span></code> is
|
||
discarded.</p>
|
||
<dl class="c member">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCompilerFlags.cf_flags">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">cf_flags</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags.cf_flags" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Compiler flags.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c member">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCompilerFlags.cf_feature_version">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">cf_feature_version</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags.cf_feature_version" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p><em>cf_feature_version</em> is the minor Python version. It should be
|
||
initialized to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PY_MINOR_VERSION</span></code>.</p>
|
||
<p>The field is ignored by default, it is used if and only if
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCF_ONLY_AST</span></code> flag is set in <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyCompilerFlags.cf_flags" title="PyCompilerFlags.cf_flags"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cf_flags</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.8: </span>Added <em>cf_feature_version</em> field.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>The available compiler flags are accessible as macros:</p>
|
||
<dl class="c macro">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCF_ALLOW_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCF_ONLY_AST">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCF_ONLY_AST</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCF_ONLY_AST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCF_OPTIMIZED_AST">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCF_OPTIMIZED_AST</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCF_OPTIMIZED_AST" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyCF_TYPE_COMMENTS">
|
||
<span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyCF_TYPE_COMMENTS</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyCF_TYPE_COMMENTS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#ast-compiler-flags"><span class="std std-ref">compiler flags</span></a> in documentation of the
|
||
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast</span></code> Python module, which exports these constants under
|
||
the same names.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c var">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.CO_FUTURE_DIVISION">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">CO_FUTURE_DIVISION</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.CO_FUTURE_DIVISION" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>This bit can be set in <em>flags</em> to cause division operator <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/</span></code> to be
|
||
interpreted as “true division” according to <span class="target" id="index-3"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0238/"><strong>PEP 238</strong></a>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
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