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<section id="data-marshalling-support">
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<span id="marshalling-utils"></span><h1>Data marshalling support<a class="headerlink" href="#data-marshalling-support" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
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<p>These routines allow C code to work with serialized objects using the same
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data format as the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/marshal.html#module-marshal" title="marshal: Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back (with different constraints)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">marshal</span></code></a> module. There are functions to write data
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into the serialization format, and additional functions that can be used to
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read the data back. Files used to store marshalled data must be opened in
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binary mode.</p>
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<p>Numeric values are stored with the least significant byte first.</p>
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<p>The module supports two versions of the data format: version 0 is the
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historical version, version 1 shares interned strings in the file, and upon
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unmarshalling. Version 2 uses a binary format for floating-point numbers.
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<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_MARSHAL_VERSION</span></code> indicates the current file format (currently 2).</p>
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<dl class="c function">
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<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_WriteLongToFile">
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<span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_WriteLongToFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="kt"><span class="pre">long</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">value</span></span>, <span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">version</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_WriteLongToFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Marshal a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span> integer, <em>value</em>, to <em>file</em>. This will only write
|
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the least-significant 32 bits of <em>value</em>; regardless of the size of the
|
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native <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span> type. <em>version</em> indicates the file format.</p>
|
||
<p>This function can fail, in which case it sets the error indicator.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Occurred" title="PyErr_Occurred"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Occurred()</span></code></a> to check for that.</p>
|
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</dd></dl>
|
||
|
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<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToFile">
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||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">void</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_WriteObjectToFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">value</span></span>, <span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">version</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Marshal a Python object, <em>value</em>, to <em>file</em>.
|
||
<em>version</em> indicates the file format.</p>
|
||
<p>This function can fail, in which case it sets the error indicator.
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||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Occurred" title="PyErr_Occurred"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Occurred()</span></code></a> to check for that.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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|
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<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToString">
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<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_WriteObjectToString</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">value</span></span>, <span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">version</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_WriteObjectToString" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Return a bytes object containing the marshalled representation of <em>value</em>.
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||
<em>version</em> indicates the file format.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<p>The following functions allow marshalled values to be read back in.</p>
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">long</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Return a C <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span> from the data stream in a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> opened
|
||
for reading. Only a 32-bit value can be read in using this function,
|
||
regardless of the native size of <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span>.</p>
|
||
<p>On error, sets the appropriate exception (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>) and returns
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
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<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadShortFromFile">
|
||
<span class="kt"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadShortFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadShortFromFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Return a C <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">short</span></span> from the data stream in a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> opened
|
||
for reading. Only a 16-bit value can be read in using this function,
|
||
regardless of the native size of <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">short</span></span>.</p>
|
||
<p>On error, sets the appropriate exception (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>) and returns
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Return a Python object from the data stream in a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> opened for
|
||
reading.</p>
|
||
<p>On error, sets the appropriate exception (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a>
|
||
or <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>) and returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile">
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="n"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile</span></span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="n"><span class="pre">FILE</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">*</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">file</span></span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile" title="Link to this definition">¶</a><br /></dt>
|
||
<dd><em class="refcount return_new_ref">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Return a Python object from the data stream in a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="n">FILE</span><span class="p">*</span></span> opened for
|
||
reading. Unlike <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile" title="PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile()</span></code></a>, this function
|
||
assumes that no further objects will be read from the file, allowing it to
|
||
aggressively load file data into memory so that the de-serialization can
|
||
operate from data in memory rather than reading a byte at a time from the
|
||
file. Only use these variant if you are certain that you won’t be reading
|
||
anything else from the file.</p>
|
||
<p>On error, sets the appropriate exception (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#EOFError" title="EOFError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EOFError</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a>
|
||
or <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>) and returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="c function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object c" id="c.PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromString">
|
||
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