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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">What’s New In Python 3.13</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#summary-release-highlights">Summary – Release Highlights</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-features">New Features</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#a-better-interactive-interpreter">A better interactive interpreter</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#improved-error-messages">Improved error messages</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#free-threaded-cpython">Free-threaded CPython</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#an-experimental-just-in-time-jit-compiler">An experimental just-in-time (JIT) compiler</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#defined-mutation-semantics-for-locals">Defined mutation semantics for <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#support-for-mobile-platforms">Support for mobile platforms</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#improved-modules">Improved Modules</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#argparse">argparse</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#array">array</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ast">ast</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#asyncio">asyncio</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#base64">base64</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compileall">compileall</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#concurrent-futures">concurrent.futures</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configparser">configparser</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#copy">copy</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ctypes">ctypes</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dbm">dbm</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dis">dis</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#doctest">doctest</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#email">email</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#enum">enum</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fractions">fractions</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#glob">glob</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#importlib">importlib</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#io">io</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#marshal">marshal</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#math">math</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mimetypes">mimetypes</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mmap">mmap</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#multiprocessing">multiprocessing</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#os">os</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#os-path">os.path</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pathlib">pathlib</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pdb">pdb</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#queue">queue</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#random">random</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#re">re</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#shutil">shutil</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#site">site</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sqlite3">sqlite3</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ssl">ssl</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#statistics">statistics</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#subprocess">subprocess</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sys">sys</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile">tempfile</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#time">time</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tkinter">tkinter</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#traceback">traceback</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#types">types</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#typing">typing</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#unicodedata">unicodedata</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#venv">venv</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#warnings">warnings</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#xml">xml</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#zipimport">zipimport</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#optimizations">Optimizations</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#removed-modules-and-apis">Removed Modules And APIs</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pep-594-remove-dead-batteries-from-the-standard-library">PEP 594: Remove “dead batteries” from the standard library</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#to3">2to3</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#builtins">builtins</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id3">configparser</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#importlib-metadata">importlib.metadata</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#locale">locale</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#opcode">opcode</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#optparse">optparse</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id4">pathlib</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id5">re</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tkinter-tix">tkinter.tix</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#turtle">turtle</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id6">typing</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#unittest">unittest</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#urllib">urllib</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#webbrowser">webbrowser</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-deprecations">New Deprecations</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pending-removal-in-python-3-14">Pending Removal in Python 3.14</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pending-removal-in-python-3-15">Pending Removal in Python 3.15</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pending-removal-in-python-3-16">Pending removal in Python 3.16</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pending-removal-in-future-versions">Pending Removal in Future Versions</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#cpython-bytecode-changes">CPython Bytecode Changes</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#c-api-changes">C API Changes</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id7">New Features</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#changed-c-apis">Changed C APIs</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#limited-c-api-changes">Limited C API Changes</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#removed-c-apis">Removed C APIs</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#deprecated-c-apis">Deprecated C APIs</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id8">Pending Removal in Python 3.14</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id9">Pending Removal in Python 3.15</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id10">Pending Removal in Future Versions</a></li>
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</ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#build-changes">Build Changes</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#porting-to-python-3-13">Porting to Python 3.13</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#changes-in-the-python-api">Changes in the Python API</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#changes-in-the-c-api">Changes in the C API</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#regression-test-changes">Regression Test Changes</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#notable-changes-in-3-13-1">Notable changes in 3.13.1</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id11">sys</a></li>
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<section id="what-s-new-in-python-3-13">
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<h1>What’s New In Python 3.13<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new-in-python-3-13" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
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<dl class="field-list simple">
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<dt class="field-odd">Editors<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
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<dd class="field-odd"><p>Adam Turner and Thomas Wouters</p>
|
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<p>This article explains the new features in Python 3.13, compared to 3.12.
|
||
Python 3.13 was released on October 7, 2024.
|
||
For full details, see the <a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#changelog"><span class="std std-ref">changelog</span></a>.</p>
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<div class="admonition seealso">
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<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-0"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0719/"><strong>PEP 719</strong></a> – Python 3.13 Release Schedule</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<section id="summary-release-highlights">
|
||
<h2>Summary – Release Highlights<a class="headerlink" href="#summary-release-highlights" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Python 3.13 is the latest stable release of the Python programming
|
||
language, with a mix of changes to the language, the implementation
|
||
and the standard library.
|
||
The biggest changes include a new <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-better-interactive-interpreter">interactive interpreter</a>,
|
||
experimental support for running in a <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-free-threaded-cpython">free-threaded mode</a> (<span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0703/"><strong>PEP 703</strong></a>),
|
||
and a <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-jit-compiler">Just-In-Time compiler</a> (<span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0744/"><strong>PEP 744</strong></a>).</p>
|
||
<p>Error messages continue to improve, with tracebacks now highlighted in color
|
||
by default. The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> builtin now has <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-locals-semantics"><span class="std std-ref">defined semantics</span></a> for changing the returned mapping,
|
||
and type parameters now support default values.</p>
|
||
<p>The library changes contain removal of deprecated APIs and modules,
|
||
as well as the usual improvements in user-friendliness and correctness.
|
||
Several legacy standard library modules have now <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-pep594">been removed</a> following their deprecation in Python 3.11 (<span class="target" id="index-3"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0594/"><strong>PEP 594</strong></a>).</p>
|
||
<p>This article doesn’t attempt to provide a complete specification
|
||
of all new features, but instead gives a convenient overview.
|
||
For full details refer to the documentation,
|
||
such as the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/index.html#library-index"><span class="std std-ref">Library Reference</span></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/index.html#reference-index"><span class="std std-ref">Language Reference</span></a>.
|
||
To understand the complete implementation and design rationale for a change,
|
||
refer to the PEP for a particular new feature;
|
||
but note that PEPs usually are not kept up-to-date
|
||
once a feature has been fully implemented.
|
||
See <a class="reference internal" href="#porting-to-python-3-13">Porting to Python 3.13</a> for guidance on upgrading from
|
||
earlier versions of Python.</p>
|
||
<hr class="docutils" />
|
||
<p>Interpreter improvements:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>A greatly improved <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-better-interactive-interpreter"><span class="std std-ref">interactive interpreter</span></a> and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-improved-error-messages"><span class="std std-ref">improved error messages</span></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-4"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a>: The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> builtin now has
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-locals-semantics"><span class="std std-ref">defined semantics</span></a> when mutating the
|
||
returned mapping. Python debuggers and similar tools may now more reliably
|
||
update local variables in optimized scopes even during concurrent code
|
||
execution.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-5"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0703/"><strong>PEP 703</strong></a>: CPython 3.13 has experimental support for running with the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-global-interpreter-lock"><span class="xref std std-term">global interpreter lock</span></a> disabled. See <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-free-threaded-cpython"><span class="std std-ref">Free-threaded CPython</span></a> for more details.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0744/"><strong>PEP 744</strong></a>: A basic <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-jit-compiler"><span class="std std-ref">JIT compiler</span></a> was added.
|
||
It is currently disabled by default (though we may turn it on later).
|
||
Performance improvements are modest – we expect to improve this
|
||
over the next few releases.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Color support in the new <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-better-interactive-interpreter"><span class="std std-ref">interactive interpreter</span></a>,
|
||
as well as in <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-improved-error-messages"><span class="std std-ref">tracebacks</span></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-doctest"><span class="std std-ref">doctest</span></a> output.
|
||
This can be disabled through the <span class="target" id="index-7"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_COLORS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_COLORS</span></code></a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://no-color.org/"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NO_COLOR</span></code></a>
|
||
environment variables.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Python data model improvements:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#type.__static_attributes__" title="type.__static_attributes__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__static_attributes__</span></code></a> stores the names of attributes accessed
|
||
through <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.X</span></code> in any function in a class body.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#type.__firstlineno__" title="type.__firstlineno__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__firstlineno__</span></code></a> records the first line number of a class
|
||
definition.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Significant improvements in the standard library:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add a new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#PythonFinalizationError" title="PythonFinalizationError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PythonFinalizationError</span></code></a> exception, raised when an operation
|
||
is blocked during <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-interpreter-shutdown"><span class="xref std std-term">finalization</span></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a> module now supports deprecating command-line options,
|
||
positional arguments, and subcommands.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The new functions <a class="reference internal" href="../library/base64.html#base64.z85encode" title="base64.z85encode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">base64.z85encode()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/base64.html#base64.z85decode" title="base64.z85decode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">base64.z85decode()</span></code></a>
|
||
support encoding and decoding <a class="reference external" href="https://rfc.zeromq.org/spec/32/">Z85 data</a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#module-copy" title="copy: Shallow and deep copy operations."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">copy</span></code></a> module now has a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#copy.replace" title="copy.replace"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">copy.replace()</span></code></a> function,
|
||
with support for many builtin types and any class defining
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#object.__replace__" title="object.__replace__"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__replace__()</span></code></a> method.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#module-dbm.sqlite3" title="dbm.sqlite3: SQLite backend for dbm (All)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dbm.sqlite3</span></code></a> module is now the default <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#module-dbm" title="dbm: Interfaces to various Unix "database" formats."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dbm</span></code></a> backend.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#module-os" title="os: Miscellaneous operating system interfaces."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os</span></code></a> module has a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os-timerfd"><span class="std std-ref">suite of new functions</span></a>
|
||
for working with Linux’s timer notification file descriptors.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/random.html#module-random" title="random: Generate pseudo-random numbers with various common distributions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">random</span></code></a> module now has a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/random.html#random-cli"><span class="std std-ref">command-line interface</span></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Security improvements:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.create_default_context" title="ssl.create_default_context"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.create_default_context()</span></code></a> sets <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.VERIFY_X509_PARTIAL_CHAIN" title="ssl.VERIFY_X509_PARTIAL_CHAIN"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.VERIFY_X509_PARTIAL_CHAIN</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.VERIFY_X509_STRICT" title="ssl.VERIFY_X509_STRICT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.VERIFY_X509_STRICT</span></code></a> as default flags.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>C API improvements:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.Py_mod_gil" title="Py_mod_gil"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_mod_gil</span></code></a> slot is now used to indicate that
|
||
an extension module supports running with the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-GIL"><span class="xref std std-term">GIL</span></a> disabled.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html"><span class="doc">PyTime C API</span></a> has been added,
|
||
providing access to system clocks.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyMutex" title="PyMutex"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMutex</span></code></a> is a new lightweight mutex that occupies a single byte.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>There is a new <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c-api-monitoring"><span class="std std-ref">suite of functions</span></a>
|
||
for generating <span class="target" id="index-8"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0669/"><strong>PEP 669</strong></a> monitoring events in the C API.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>New typing features:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-9"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0696/"><strong>PEP 696</strong></a>: Type parameters (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypeVar" title="typing.TypeVar"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.TypeVar</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.ParamSpec" title="typing.ParamSpec"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.ParamSpec</span></code></a>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypeVarTuple" title="typing.TypeVarTuple"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.TypeVarTuple</span></code></a>) now support defaults.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-10"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0702/"><strong>PEP 702</strong></a>: The new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/warnings.html#warnings.deprecated" title="warnings.deprecated"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings.deprecated()</span></code></a> decorator adds support
|
||
for marking deprecations in the type system and at runtime.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-11"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0705/"><strong>PEP 705</strong></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.ReadOnly" title="typing.ReadOnly"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.ReadOnly</span></code></a> can be used to mark an item of a
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypedDict" title="typing.TypedDict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.TypedDict</span></code></a> as read-only for type checkers.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-12"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0742/"><strong>PEP 742</strong></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypeIs" title="typing.TypeIs"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.TypeIs</span></code></a> provides more intuitive
|
||
type narrowing behavior, as an alternative to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypeGuard" title="typing.TypeGuard"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.TypeGuard</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Platform support:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-13"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0730/"><strong>PEP 730</strong></a>: Apple’s iOS is now an <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-platform-support"><span class="std std-ref">officially supported platform</span></a>, at <span class="target" id="index-14"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/#tier-3"><strong>tier 3</strong></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-15"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0738/"><strong>PEP 738</strong></a>: Android is now an <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-platform-support"><span class="std std-ref">officially supported platform</span></a>, at <span class="target" id="index-16"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/#tier-3"><strong>tier 3</strong></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wasm32-wasi</span></code> is now supported as a <span class="target" id="index-17"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/#tier-2"><strong>tier 2</strong></a> platform.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wasm32-emscripten</span></code> is no longer an officially supported platform.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Important removals:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-pep594"><span class="std std-ref">PEP 594</span></a>: The remaining 19 “dead batteries”
|
||
(legacy stdlib modules) have been removed from the standard library:
|
||
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">audioop</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgitb</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chunk</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">crypt</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">imghdr</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mailcap</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">msilib</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nis</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nntplib</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ossaudiodev</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipes</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sndhdr</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spwd</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">telnetlib</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uu</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xdrlib</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <strong class="program">2to3</strong> tool and <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lib2to3</span></code> module
|
||
(deprecated in Python 3.11).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.tix</span></code> module (deprecated in Python 3.6).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locale.resetlocale()</span></code> function.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.io</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.re</span></code> namespaces.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove chained <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#classmethod" title="classmethod"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">classmethod</span></code></a> descriptors.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Release schedule changes:</p>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-18"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0602/"><strong>PEP 602</strong></a> (“Annual Release Cycle for Python”) has been updated
|
||
to extend the full support (‘bugfix’) period for new releases to two years.
|
||
This updated policy means that:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Python 3.9–3.12 have one and a half years of full support,
|
||
followed by three and a half years of security fixes.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Python 3.13 and later have two years of full support,
|
||
followed by three years of security fixes.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="new-features">
|
||
<h2>New Features<a class="headerlink" href="#new-features" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<section id="a-better-interactive-interpreter">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-better-interactive-interpreter"></span><h3>A better interactive interpreter<a class="headerlink" href="#a-better-interactive-interpreter" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Python now uses a new <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-interactive"><span class="xref std std-term">interactive</span></a> shell by default, based on code
|
||
from the <a class="reference external" href="https://pypy.org/">PyPy project</a>.
|
||
When the user starts the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-REPL"><span class="xref std std-term">REPL</span></a> from an interactive terminal,
|
||
the following new features are now supported:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Multiline editing with history preservation.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Direct support for REPL-specific commands like <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">help</kbd>, <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">exit</kbd>,
|
||
and <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">quit</kbd>, without the need to call them as functions.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Prompts and tracebacks with <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-controlling-color"><span class="std std-ref">color enabled by default</span></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Interactive help browsing using <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">F1</kbd> with a separate command
|
||
history.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>History browsing using <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">F2</kbd> that skips output as well as the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-0"><span class="xref std std-term">>>></span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-..."><span class="xref std std-term">…</span></a> prompts.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>“Paste mode” with <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">F3</kbd> that makes pasting larger blocks of code
|
||
easier (press <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">F3</kbd> again to return to the regular prompt).</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>To disable the new interactive shell,
|
||
set the <span class="target" id="index-19"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_BASIC_REPL"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_BASIC_REPL</span></code></a> environment variable.
|
||
For more on interactive mode, see <a class="reference internal" href="../tutorial/appendix.html#tut-interac"><span class="std std-ref">Interactive Mode</span></a>.</p>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Pablo Galindo Salgado, Łukasz Langa, and
|
||
Lysandros Nikolaou in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111201">gh-111201</a> based on code from the PyPy project.
|
||
Windows support contributed by Dino Viehland and Anthony Shaw.)</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="improved-error-messages">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-improved-error-messages"></span><h3>Improved error messages<a class="headerlink" href="#improved-error-messages" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The interpreter now uses color by default when displaying tracebacks in the
|
||
terminal. This feature <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-controlling-color"><span class="std std-ref">can be controlled</span></a>
|
||
via the new <span class="target" id="index-20"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_COLORS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_COLORS</span></code></a> environment variable as well as
|
||
the canonical <a class="reference external" href="https://no-color.org/"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NO_COLOR</span></code></a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://force-color.org/"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FORCE_COLOR</span></code></a> environment variables.
|
||
(Contributed by Pablo Galindo Salgado in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112730">gh-112730</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>A common mistake is to write a script with the same name as a
|
||
standard library module. When this results in errors, we now
|
||
display a more helpful error message:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-pytb notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="x">$ python random.py</span>
|
||
<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
|
||
File <span class="nb">"/home/me/random.py"</span>, line <span class="m">1</span>, in <span class="n"><module></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">random</span>
|
||
File <span class="nb">"/home/me/random.py"</span>, line <span class="m">3</span>, in <span class="n"><module></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="pm">^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</span>
|
||
<span class="gr">AttributeError</span>: <span class="n">module 'random' has no attribute 'randint' (consider renaming '/home/me/random.py' since it has the same name as the standard library module named 'random' and prevents importing that standard library module)</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Similarly, if a script has the same name as a third-party
|
||
module that it attempts to import and this results in errors,
|
||
we also display a more helpful error message:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-pytb notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="x">$ python numpy.py</span>
|
||
<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
|
||
File <span class="nb">"/home/me/numpy.py"</span>, line <span class="m">1</span>, in <span class="n"><module></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">numpy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">np</span>
|
||
File <span class="nb">"/home/me/numpy.py"</span>, line <span class="m">3</span>, in <span class="n"><module></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">])</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="pm">^^^^^^^^</span>
|
||
<span class="gr">AttributeError</span>: <span class="n">module 'numpy' has no attribute 'array' (consider renaming '/home/me/numpy.py' if it has the same name as a library you intended to import)</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Shantanu Jain in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/95754">gh-95754</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>The error message now tries to suggest the correct keyword argument
|
||
when an incorrect keyword argument is passed to a function.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="s2">"Better error messages!"</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max_split</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
|
||
File <span class="nb">"<python-input-0>"</span>, line <span class="m">1</span>, in <span class="n"><module></span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Better error messages!"</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max_split</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="pm">~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^</span>
|
||
<span class="gr">TypeError</span>: <span class="n">split() got an unexpected keyword argument 'max_split'. Did you mean 'maxsplit'?</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Pablo Galindo Salgado and Shantanu Jain in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107944">gh-107944</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="free-threaded-cpython">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-free-threaded-cpython"></span><h3>Free-threaded CPython<a class="headerlink" href="#free-threaded-cpython" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>CPython now has experimental support for running in a free-threaded mode,
|
||
with the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-global-interpreter-lock"><span class="xref std std-term">global interpreter lock</span></a> (GIL) disabled.
|
||
This is an experimental feature and therefore is not enabled by default.
|
||
The free-threaded mode requires a different executable,
|
||
usually called <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3.13t</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3.13t.exe</span></code>.
|
||
Pre-built binaries marked as <em>free-threaded</em> can be installed as part of
|
||
the official <a class="reference internal" href="../using/windows.html#install-freethreaded-windows"><span class="std std-ref">Windows</span></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../using/mac.html#install-freethreaded-macos"><span class="std std-ref">macOS</span></a> installers,
|
||
or CPython can be built from source with the <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#cmdoption-disable-gil"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--disable-gil</span></code></a> option.</p>
|
||
<p>Free-threaded execution allows for full utilization of the available
|
||
processing power by running threads in parallel on available CPU cores.
|
||
While not all software will benefit from this automatically, programs
|
||
designed with threading in mind will run faster on multi-core hardware.
|
||
<strong>The free-threaded mode is experimental</strong> and work is ongoing to improve it:
|
||
expect some bugs and a substantial single-threaded performance hit.
|
||
Free-threaded builds of CPython support optionally running with the GIL
|
||
enabled at runtime using the environment variable <span class="target" id="index-21"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_GIL"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_GIL</span></code></a> or
|
||
the command-line option <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">gil=1</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
<p>To check if the current interpreter supports free-threading, <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-V"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span> <span class="pre">-VV</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.version" title="sys.version"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.version</span></code></a> contain “experimental free-threading build”.
|
||
The new <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys._is_gil_enabled()</span></code> function can be used to check whether
|
||
the GIL is actually disabled in the running process.</p>
|
||
<p>C-API extension modules need to be built specifically for the free-threaded
|
||
build. Extensions that support running with the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-GIL"><span class="xref std std-term">GIL</span></a> disabled should
|
||
use the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.Py_mod_gil" title="Py_mod_gil"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_mod_gil</span></code></a> slot. Extensions using single-phase init should
|
||
use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyUnstable_Module_SetGIL" title="PyUnstable_Module_SetGIL"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnstable_Module_SetGIL()</span></code></a> to indicate whether they support
|
||
running with the GIL disabled. Importing C extensions that don’t use these
|
||
mechanisms will cause the GIL to be enabled, unless the GIL was explicitly
|
||
disabled with the <span class="target" id="index-22"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_GIL"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_GIL</span></code></a> environment variable or the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">gil=0</span></code></a> option.
|
||
pip 24.1 or newer is required to install packages with C extensions in the
|
||
free-threaded build.</p>
|
||
<p>This work was made possible thanks to many individuals and
|
||
organizations, including the large community of contributors to Python
|
||
and third-party projects to test and enable free-threading support.
|
||
Notable contributors include:
|
||
Sam Gross, Ken Jin, Donghee Na, Itamar Oren, Matt Page, Brett Simmers,
|
||
Dino Viehland, Carl Meyer, Nathan Goldbaum, Ralf Gommers,
|
||
Lysandros Nikolaou, and many others.
|
||
Many of these contributors are employed by Meta, which has
|
||
provided significant engineering resources to support this project.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition seealso">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-23"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0703/"><strong>PEP 703</strong></a> “Making the Global Interpreter Lock Optional in CPython”
|
||
contains rationale and information surrounding this work.</p>
|
||
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://py-free-threading.github.io/porting/">Porting Extension Modules to Support Free-Threading</a>: A community-maintained
|
||
porting guide for extension authors.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="an-experimental-just-in-time-jit-compiler">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-jit-compiler"></span><h3>An experimental just-in-time (JIT) compiler<a class="headerlink" href="#an-experimental-just-in-time-jit-compiler" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>When CPython is configured and built using
|
||
the <code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-experimental-jit</span></code> option,
|
||
a just-in-time (JIT) compiler is added which may speed up some Python programs.
|
||
On Windows, use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PCbuild/build.bat</span> <span class="pre">--experimental-jit</span></code> to enable the JIT
|
||
or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--experimental-jit-interpreter</span></code> to enable the Tier 2 interpreter.
|
||
Build requirements and further supporting information <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Tools/jit/README.md">are contained at</a>
|
||
<code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Tools/jit/README.md</span></code>.</p>
|
||
<p>The <code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-experimental-jit</span></code> option takes these (optional) values,
|
||
defaulting to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yes</span></code> if <code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-experimental-jit</span></code> is present
|
||
without the optional value.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">no</span></code>: Disable the entire Tier 2 and JIT pipeline.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yes</span></code>: Enable the JIT.
|
||
To disable the JIT at runtime, pass the environment variable <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_JIT=0</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yes-off</span></code>: Build the JIT but disable it by default.
|
||
To enable the JIT at runtime, pass the environment variable <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_JIT=1</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">interpreter</span></code>: Enable the Tier 2 interpreter but disable the JIT.
|
||
The interpreter can be disabled by running with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_JIT=0</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>The internal architecture is roughly as follows:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>We start with specialized <em>Tier 1 bytecode</em>.
|
||
See <a class="reference internal" href="3.11.html#whatsnew311-pep659"><span class="std std-ref">What’s new in 3.11</span></a> for details.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>When the Tier 1 bytecode gets hot enough, it gets translated
|
||
to a new purely internal intermediate representation (IR),
|
||
called the <em>Tier 2 IR</em>, and sometimes referred to as micro-ops (“uops”).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The Tier 2 IR uses the same stack-based virtual machine as Tier 1,
|
||
but the instruction format is better suited to translation to machine code.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>We have several optimization passes for Tier 2 IR, which are applied
|
||
before it is interpreted or translated to machine code.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>There is a Tier 2 interpreter, but it is mostly intended for debugging
|
||
the earlier stages of the optimization pipeline.
|
||
The Tier 2 interpreter can be enabled by configuring Python
|
||
with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--enable-experimental-jit=interpreter</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>When the JIT is enabled, the optimized
|
||
Tier 2 IR is translated to machine code, which is then executed.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The machine code translation process uses a technique called
|
||
<em>copy-and-patch</em>. It has no runtime dependencies, but there is a new
|
||
build-time dependency on LLVM.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="admonition seealso">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-24"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0744/"><strong>PEP 744</strong></a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>(JIT by Brandt Bucher, inspired by a paper by Haoran Xu and Fredrik Kjolstad.
|
||
Tier 2 IR by Mark Shannon and Guido van Rossum.
|
||
Tier 2 optimizer by Ken Jin.)</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="defined-mutation-semantics-for-locals">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-locals-semantics"></span><h3>Defined mutation semantics for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a><a class="headerlink" href="#defined-mutation-semantics-for-locals" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Historically, the expected result of mutating the return value of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> has been left to individual Python implementations to define.
|
||
Starting from Python 3.13, <span class="target" id="index-25"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a> standardises
|
||
the historical behavior of CPython for most code execution scopes,
|
||
but changes <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scopes</span></a>
|
||
(functions, generators, coroutines, comprehensions, and generator expressions)
|
||
to explicitly return independent snapshots of the currently assigned local
|
||
variables, including locally referenced nonlocal variables captured in closures.</p>
|
||
<p>This change to the semantics of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> in optimized scopes also
|
||
affects the default behavior of code execution functions that implicitly
|
||
target <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code> if no explicit namespace is provided
|
||
(such as <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#exec" title="exec"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#eval" title="eval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval()</span></code></a>).
|
||
In previous versions, whether or not changes could be accessed by calling
|
||
<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code> after calling the code execution function was
|
||
implementation-dependent. In CPython specifically, such code would typically
|
||
appear to work as desired, but could sometimes fail in optimized scopes based
|
||
on other code (including debuggers and code execution tracing tools)
|
||
potentially resetting the shared snapshot in that scope.
|
||
Now, the code will always run against an independent snapshot of
|
||
the local variables in optimized scopes, and hence the changes will never
|
||
be visible in subsequent calls to <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code>.
|
||
To access the changes made in these cases, an explicit namespace reference
|
||
must now be passed to the relevant function.
|
||
Alternatively, it may make sense to update affected code to use a higher level
|
||
code execution API that returns the resulting code execution namespace
|
||
(e.g. <a class="reference internal" href="../library/runpy.html#runpy.run_path" title="runpy.run_path"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runpy.run_path()</span></code></a> when executing Python files from disk).</p>
|
||
<p>To ensure debuggers and similar tools can reliably update local variables in
|
||
scopes affected by this change, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.f_locals" title="frame.f_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FrameType.f_locals</span></code></a> now
|
||
returns a write-through proxy to the frame’s local and locally referenced
|
||
nonlocal variables in these scopes, rather than returning an inconsistently
|
||
updated shared <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code> instance with undefined runtime semantics.</p>
|
||
<p>See <span class="target" id="index-26"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a> for more details, including related C API changes
|
||
and deprecations. Porting notes are also provided below for the affected
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="#pep667-porting-notes-py"><span class="std std-ref">Python APIs</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#pep667-porting-notes-c"><span class="std std-ref">C APIs</span></a>.</p>
|
||
<p>(PEP and implementation contributed by Mark Shannon and Tian Gao in
|
||
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/74929">gh-74929</a>. Documentation updates provided by Guido van Rossum and
|
||
Alyssa Coghlan.)</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="support-for-mobile-platforms">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-platform-support"></span><h3>Support for mobile platforms<a class="headerlink" href="#support-for-mobile-platforms" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-27"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0730/"><strong>PEP 730</strong></a>: iOS is now a <span class="target" id="index-28"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/"><strong>PEP 11</strong></a> supported platform, with the
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arm64-apple-ios</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arm64-apple-ios-simulator</span></code> targets at tier 3
|
||
(iPhone and iPad devices released after 2013 and the Xcode iOS simulator
|
||
running on Apple silicon hardware, respectively).
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x86_64-apple-ios-simulator</span></code>
|
||
(the Xcode iOS simulator running on older <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x86_64</span></code> hardware)
|
||
is not a tier 3 supported platform, but will have best-effort support.
|
||
(PEP written and implementation contributed by Russell Keith-Magee in
|
||
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/114099">gh-114099</a>.)</p>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-29"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0738/"><strong>PEP 738</strong></a>: Android is now a <span class="target" id="index-30"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/"><strong>PEP 11</strong></a> supported platform, with the
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aarch64-linux-android</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x86_64-linux-android</span></code> targets at tier 3.
|
||
The 32-bit targets <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arm-linux-androideabi</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">i686-linux-android</span></code>
|
||
are not tier 3 supported platforms, but will have best-effort support.
|
||
(PEP written and implementation contributed by Malcolm Smith in
|
||
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116622">gh-116622</a>.)</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition seealso">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-31"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0730/"><strong>PEP 730</strong></a>, <span class="target" id="index-32"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0738/"><strong>PEP 738</strong></a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="other-language-changes">
|
||
<h2>Other Language Changes<a class="headerlink" href="#other-language-changes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The compiler now strips common leading whitespace
|
||
from every line in a docstring.
|
||
This reduces the size of the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-bytecode"><span class="xref std std-term">bytecode cache</span></a>
|
||
(such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pyc</span></code> files), with reductions in file size of around 5%,
|
||
for example in <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlalchemy.orm.session</span></code> from SQLAlchemy 2.0.
|
||
This change affects tools that use docstrings, such as <a class="reference internal" href="../library/doctest.html#module-doctest" title="doctest: Test pieces of code within docstrings."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doctest</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">spam</span><span class="p">():</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="sd"> This is a docstring with</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="sd"> leading whitespace.</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">...</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="sd"> It even has multiple paragraphs!</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">... </span><span class="sd"> """</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">...</span>
|
||
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">spam</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__doc__</span>
|
||
<span class="go">'\nThis is a docstring with\n leading whitespace.\n\nIt even has multiple paragraphs!\n'</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Inada Naoki in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/81283">gh-81283</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/executionmodel.html#annotation-scopes"><span class="std std-ref">Annotation scopes</span></a> within class scopes
|
||
can now contain lambdas and comprehensions.
|
||
Comprehensions that are located within class scopes
|
||
are not inlined into their parent scope.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">C</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="p">]:</span>
|
||
<span class="nb">type</span> <span class="n">Alias</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">T</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109118">gh-109118</a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118160">gh-118160</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/simple_stmts.html#future"><span class="std std-ref">Future statements</span></a> are no longer triggered by
|
||
relative imports of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/__future__.html#module-__future__" title="__future__: Future statement definitions"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__future__</span></code></a> module,
|
||
meaning that statements of the form <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">from</span> <span class="pre">.__future__</span> <span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">...</span></code>
|
||
are now simply standard relative imports, with no special features activated.
|
||
(Contributed by Jeremiah Gabriel Pascual in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118216">gh-118216</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/simple_stmts.html#global"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">global</span></code></a> declarations are now permitted in <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#except"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">except</span></code></a> blocks
|
||
when that global is used in the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#else"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">else</span></code></a> block.
|
||
Previously this raised an erroneous <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111123">gh-111123</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <span class="target" id="index-33"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_FROZEN_MODULES"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_FROZEN_MODULES</span></code></a>, a new environment variable that
|
||
determines whether frozen modules are ignored by the import machinery,
|
||
equivalent to the <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">frozen_modules</span></code></a> command-line option.
|
||
(Contributed by Yilei Yang in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111374">gh-111374</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../howto/perf_profiling.html#perf-profiling"><span class="std std-ref">support for the perf profiler</span></a> working
|
||
without <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_stack">frame pointers</a> through
|
||
the new environment variable <span class="target" id="index-34"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_PERF_JIT_SUPPORT"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_PERF_JIT_SUPPORT</span></code></a>
|
||
and command-line option <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">perf_jit</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118518">gh-118518</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The location of a <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.python_history</span></code> file can be changed via the
|
||
new <span class="target" id="index-35"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_HISTORY"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_HISTORY</span></code></a> environment variable.
|
||
(Contributed by Levi Sabah, Zackery Spytz and Hugo van Kemenade
|
||
in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/73965">gh-73965</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Classes have a new <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#type.__static_attributes__" title="type.__static_attributes__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__static_attributes__</span></code></a> attribute.
|
||
This is populated by the compiler with a tuple of the class’s attribute names
|
||
which are assigned through <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">self.<name></span></code> from any function in its body.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115775">gh-115775</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The compiler now creates a <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__firstlineno__</span></code> attribute on classes
|
||
with the line number of the first line of the class definition.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118465">gh-118465</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#exec" title="exec"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#eval" title="eval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval()</span></code></a> builtins now accept
|
||
the <em>globals</em> and <em>locals</em> arguments as keywords.
|
||
(Contributed by Raphael Gaschignard in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105879">gh-105879</a>)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#compile" title="compile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compile()</span></code></a> builtin now accepts a new flag,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.PyCF_OPTIMIZED_AST</span></code>, which is similar to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.PyCF_ONLY_AST</span></code>
|
||
except that the returned AST is optimized according to
|
||
the value of the <em>optimize</em> argument.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108113">gh-108113</a>).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#property.__name__" title="property.__name__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__</span></code></a> attribute on <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#property" title="property"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">property</span></code></a> objects.
|
||
(Contributed by Eugene Toder in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/101860">gh-101860</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#PythonFinalizationError" title="PythonFinalizationError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PythonFinalizationError</span></code></a>, a new exception derived from
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#RuntimeError" title="RuntimeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RuntimeError</span></code></a> and used to signal when operations are blocked
|
||
during <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-interpreter-shutdown"><span class="xref std std-term">finalization</span></a>.
|
||
The following callables now raise <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PythonFinalizationError</span></code>,
|
||
instead of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#RuntimeError" title="RuntimeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RuntimeError</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/_thread.html#thread.start_new_thread" title="_thread.start_new_thread"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_thread.start_new_thread()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.fork" title="os.fork"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.fork()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.forkpty" title="os.forkpty"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.forkpty()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/subprocess.html#subprocess.Popen" title="subprocess.Popen"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subprocess.Popen</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/114570">gh-114570</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Allow the <em>count</em> argument of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#str.replace" title="str.replace"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">str.replace()</span></code></a> to be a keyword.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106487">gh-106487</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Many functions now emit a warning if a boolean value is passed as
|
||
a file descriptor argument.
|
||
This can help catch some errors earlier.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/82626">gh-82626</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Added <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mode</span></code> attributes
|
||
for compressed and archived file-like objects in
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/bz2.html#module-bz2" title="bz2: Interfaces for bzip2 compression and decompression."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bz2</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/lzma.html#module-lzma" title="lzma: A Python wrapper for the liblzma compression library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lzma</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tarfile.html#module-tarfile" title="tarfile: Read and write tar-format archive files."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tarfile</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zipfile.html#module-zipfile" title="zipfile: Read and write ZIP-format archive files."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zipfile</span></code></a> modules.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115961">gh-115961</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="new-modules">
|
||
<h2>New Modules<a class="headerlink" href="#new-modules" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#module-dbm.sqlite3" title="dbm.sqlite3: SQLite backend for dbm (All)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dbm.sqlite3</span></code></a>: An SQLite backend for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#module-dbm" title="dbm: Interfaces to various Unix "database" formats."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dbm</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and Erlend E. Aasland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/100414">gh-100414</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="improved-modules">
|
||
<h2>Improved Modules<a class="headerlink" href="#improved-modules" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<section id="argparse">
|
||
<h3>argparse<a class="headerlink" href="#argparse" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add the <em>deprecated</em> parameter to the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument" title="argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_argument()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_parser()</span></code> methods, to enable deprecating
|
||
command-line options, positional arguments, and subcommands.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/83648">gh-83648</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="array">
|
||
<h3>array<a class="headerlink" href="#array" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'w'</span></code> type code (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UCS4</span></code>) for Unicode characters.
|
||
It should be used instead of the deprecated <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'u'</span></code> type code.
|
||
(Contributed by Inada Naoki in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/80480">gh-80480</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Register <a class="reference internal" href="../library/array.html#array.array" title="array.array"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">array.array</span></code></a> as a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.MutableSequence" title="collections.abc.MutableSequence"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MutableSequence</span></code></a>
|
||
by implementing the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/array.html#array.array.clear" title="array.array.clear"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">clear()</span></code></a> method.
|
||
(Contributed by Mike Zimin in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/114894">gh-114894</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="ast">
|
||
<h3>ast<a class="headerlink" href="#ast" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The constructors of node types in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#module-ast" title="ast: Abstract Syntax Tree classes and manipulation."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast</span></code></a> module are now
|
||
stricter in the arguments they accept,
|
||
with more intuitive behavior when arguments are omitted.</p>
|
||
<p>If an optional field on an AST node is not included as an argument when
|
||
constructing an instance, the field will now be set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. Similarly,
|
||
if a list field is omitted, that field will now be set to an empty list,
|
||
and if an <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">expr_context</span></code> field is omitted, it defaults to
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#ast.Load" title="ast.Load"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Load()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Previously, in all cases, the attribute would be missing on the newly
|
||
constructed AST node instance.)</p>
|
||
<p>In all other cases, where a required argument is omitted,
|
||
the node constructor will emit a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a>.
|
||
This will raise an exception in Python 3.15.
|
||
Similarly, passing a keyword argument to the constructor
|
||
that does not map to a field on the AST node is now deprecated,
|
||
and will raise an exception in Python 3.15.</p>
|
||
<p>These changes do not apply to user-defined subclasses of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#ast.AST" title="ast.AST"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.AST</span></code></a>
|
||
unless the class opts in to the new behavior
|
||
by defining the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#ast.AST._field_types" title="ast.AST._field_types"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AST._field_types</span></code></a> mapping.</p>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105858">gh-105858</a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/117486">gh-117486</a>, and <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118851">gh-118851</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#ast.parse" title="ast.parse"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.parse()</span></code></a> now accepts an optional argument <em>optimize</em>
|
||
which is passed on to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#compile" title="compile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compile()</span></code></a>.
|
||
This makes it possible to obtain an optimized AST.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108113">gh-108113</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="asyncio">
|
||
<h3>asyncio<a class="headerlink" href="#asyncio" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.as_completed" title="asyncio.as_completed"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.as_completed()</span></code></a> now returns an object that is both an
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-asynchronous-iterator"><span class="xref std std-term">asynchronous iterator</span></a> and a plain <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-iterator"><span class="xref std std-term">iterator</span></a>
|
||
of <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-awaitable"><span class="xref std std-term">awaitables</span></a>.
|
||
The awaitables yielded by asynchronous iteration include original task
|
||
or future objects that were passed in,
|
||
making it easier to associate results with the tasks being completed.
|
||
(Contributed by Justin Arthur in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/77714">gh-77714</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-eventloop.html#asyncio.loop.create_unix_server" title="asyncio.loop.create_unix_server"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.loop.create_unix_server()</span></code></a> will now automatically remove
|
||
the Unix socket when the server is closed.
|
||
(Contributed by Pierre Ossman in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111246">gh-111246</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-protocol.html#asyncio.DatagramTransport.sendto" title="asyncio.DatagramTransport.sendto"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DatagramTransport.sendto()</span></code></a> will now send zero-length
|
||
datagrams if called with an empty bytes object.
|
||
The transport flow control also now accounts for the datagram header
|
||
when calculating the buffer size.
|
||
(Contributed by Jamie Phan in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115199">gh-115199</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-queue.html#asyncio.Queue.shutdown" title="asyncio.Queue.shutdown"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Queue.shutdown</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-queue.html#asyncio.QueueShutDown" title="asyncio.QueueShutDown"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">QueueShutDown</span></code></a> to manage queue termination.
|
||
(Contributed by Laurie Opperman and Yves Duprat in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104228">gh-104228</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-eventloop.html#asyncio.Server.close_clients" title="asyncio.Server.close_clients"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Server.close_clients()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-eventloop.html#asyncio.Server.abort_clients" title="asyncio.Server.abort_clients"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Server.abort_clients()</span></code></a>
|
||
methods, which more forcefully close an asyncio server.
|
||
(Contributed by Pierre Ossman in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113538">gh-113538</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Accept a tuple of separators in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-stream.html#asyncio.StreamReader.readuntil" title="asyncio.StreamReader.readuntil"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">StreamReader.readuntil()</span></code></a>,
|
||
stopping when any one of them is encountered.
|
||
(Contributed by Bruce Merry in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/81322">gh-81322</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Improve the behavior of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.TaskGroup" title="asyncio.TaskGroup"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TaskGroup</span></code></a> when
|
||
an external cancellation collides with an internal cancellation.
|
||
For example, when two task groups are nested
|
||
and both experience an exception in a child task simultaneously,
|
||
it was possible that the outer task group would hang,
|
||
because its internal cancellation was swallowed by the inner task group.</p>
|
||
<p>In the case where a task group is cancelled externally
|
||
and also must raise an <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ExceptionGroup" title="ExceptionGroup"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ExceptionGroup</span></code></a>,
|
||
it will now call the parent task’s <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.Task.cancel" title="asyncio.Task.cancel"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cancel()</span></code></a> method.
|
||
This ensures that a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-exceptions.html#asyncio.CancelledError" title="asyncio.CancelledError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CancelledError</span></code></a> will be raised
|
||
at the next <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#await"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">await</span></code></a>, so the cancellation is not lost.</p>
|
||
<p>An added benefit of these changes is that task groups now preserve
|
||
the cancellation count (<a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.Task.cancelling" title="asyncio.Task.cancelling"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cancelling()</span></code></a>).</p>
|
||
<p>In order to handle some corner cases, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.Task.uncancel" title="asyncio.Task.uncancel"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uncancel()</span></code></a> may now
|
||
reset the undocumented <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_must_cancel</span></code> flag
|
||
when the cancellation count reaches zero.</p>
|
||
<p>(Inspired by an issue reported by Arthur Tacca in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116720">gh-116720</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>When <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.TaskGroup.create_task" title="asyncio.TaskGroup.create_task"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TaskGroup.create_task()</span></code></a> is called on an inactive
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-task.html#asyncio.TaskGroup" title="asyncio.TaskGroup"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TaskGroup</span></code></a>, the given coroutine will be closed (which
|
||
prevents a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#RuntimeWarning" title="RuntimeWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RuntimeWarning</span></code></a> about the given coroutine being
|
||
never awaited).
|
||
(Contributed by Arthur Tacca and Jason Zhang in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115957">gh-115957</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="base64">
|
||
<h3>base64<a class="headerlink" href="#base64" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/base64.html#base64.z85encode" title="base64.z85encode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">z85encode()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/base64.html#base64.z85decode" title="base64.z85decode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">z85decode()</span></code></a> functions
|
||
for encoding <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> as <a class="reference external" href="https://rfc.zeromq.org/spec/32/">Z85 data</a>
|
||
and decoding Z85-encoded data to <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Matan Perelman in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/75299">gh-75299</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="compileall">
|
||
<h3>compileall<a class="headerlink" href="#compileall" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The default number of worker threads and processes is now selected using
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.process_cpu_count" title="os.process_cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.process_cpu_count()</span></code></a> instead of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.cpu_count" title="os.cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.cpu_count()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109649">gh-109649</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="concurrent-futures">
|
||
<h3>concurrent.futures<a class="headerlink" href="#concurrent-futures" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The default number of worker threads and processes is now selected using
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.process_cpu_count" title="os.process_cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.process_cpu_count()</span></code></a> instead of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.cpu_count" title="os.cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.cpu_count()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109649">gh-109649</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="configparser">
|
||
<h3>configparser<a class="headerlink" href="#configparser" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/configparser.html#configparser.ConfigParser" title="configparser.ConfigParser"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ConfigParser</span></code></a> now has support for unnamed sections,
|
||
which allows for top-level key-value pairs.
|
||
This can be enabled with the new <em>allow_unnamed_section</em> parameter.
|
||
(Contributed by Pedro Sousa Lacerda in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/66449">gh-66449</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="copy">
|
||
<h3>copy<a class="headerlink" href="#copy" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#copy.replace" title="copy.replace"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">replace()</span></code></a> function and the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#object.__replace__" title="object.__replace__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">replace</span> <span class="pre">protocol</span></code></a> make creating modified copies of objects much simpler.
|
||
This is especially useful when working with immutable objects.
|
||
The following types support the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#copy.replace" title="copy.replace"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">replace()</span></code></a> function
|
||
and implement the replace protocol:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/collections.html#collections.namedtuple" title="collections.namedtuple"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">collections.namedtuple()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/dataclasses.html#dataclasses.dataclass" title="dataclasses.dataclass"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dataclasses.dataclass</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="datetime.datetime"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.datetime</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/datetime.html#datetime.date" title="datetime.date"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.date</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/datetime.html#datetime.time" title="datetime.time"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.time</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/inspect.html#inspect.Signature" title="inspect.Signature"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">inspect.Signature</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/inspect.html#inspect.Parameter" title="inspect.Parameter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">inspect.Parameter</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/types.html#types.SimpleNamespace" title="types.SimpleNamespace"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types.SimpleNamespace</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#code-objects"><span class="std std-ref">code objects</span></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Any user-defined class can also support <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#copy.replace" title="copy.replace"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">copy.replace()</span></code></a> by defining
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/copy.html#object.__replace__" title="object.__replace__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__replace__()</span></code></a> method.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108751">gh-108751</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="ctypes">
|
||
<h3>ctypes<a class="headerlink" href="#ctypes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>As a consequence of necessary internal refactoring, initialization of
|
||
internal metaclasses now happens in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__init__</span></code> rather
|
||
than in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__new__</span></code>. This affects projects that subclass these internal
|
||
metaclasses to provide custom initialization.
|
||
Generally:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Custom logic that was done in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__new__</span></code> after calling <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">super().__new__</span></code>
|
||
should be moved to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__init__</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>To create a class, call the metaclass, not only the metaclass’s
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__new__</span></code> method.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>See <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/124520">gh-124520</a> for discussion and links to changes in some affected
|
||
projects.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ctypes.html#ctypes.Structure" title="ctypes.Structure"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ctypes.Structure</span></code></a> objects have a new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ctypes.html#ctypes.Structure._align_" title="ctypes.Structure._align_"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_align_</span></code></a>
|
||
attribute which allows the alignment of the structure being packed to/from
|
||
memory to be specified explicitly.
|
||
(Contributed by Matt Sanderson in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112433">gh-112433</a>)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="dbm">
|
||
<h3>dbm<a class="headerlink" href="#dbm" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#module-dbm.sqlite3" title="dbm.sqlite3: SQLite backend for dbm (All)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dbm.sqlite3</span></code></a>, a new module which implements an SQLite backend,
|
||
and make it the default <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dbm</span></code> backend.
|
||
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and Erlend E. Aasland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/100414">gh-100414</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Allow removing all items from the database through
|
||
the new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#dbm.gnu.gdbm.clear" title="dbm.gnu.gdbm.clear"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gdbm.clear()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dbm.html#dbm.ndbm.ndbm.clear" title="dbm.ndbm.ndbm.clear"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ndbm.clear()</span></code></a> methods.
|
||
(Contributed by Donghee Na in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107122">gh-107122</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="dis">
|
||
<h3>dis<a class="headerlink" href="#dis" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Change the output of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#module-dis" title="dis: Disassembler for Python bytecode."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dis</span></code></a> module functions to show logical
|
||
labels for jump targets and exception handlers, rather than offsets.
|
||
The offsets can be added with the new
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#cmdoption-dis-O"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-O</span></code></a> command-line option
|
||
or the <em>show_offsets</em> argument.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112137">gh-112137</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#dis.get_instructions" title="dis.get_instructions"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_instructions()</span></code></a> no longer represents cache entries
|
||
as separate instructions.
|
||
Instead, it returns them as part of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#dis.Instruction" title="dis.Instruction"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Instruction</span></code></a>,
|
||
in the new <em>cache_info</em> field.
|
||
The <em>show_caches</em> argument to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#dis.get_instructions" title="dis.get_instructions"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_instructions()</span></code></a> is deprecated
|
||
and no longer has any effect.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112962">gh-112962</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="doctest">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-doctest"></span><h3>doctest<a class="headerlink" href="#doctest" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/doctest.html#module-doctest" title="doctest: Test pieces of code within docstrings."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doctest</span></code></a> output is now colored by default.
|
||
This can be controlled via the new <span class="target" id="index-36"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_COLORS"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_COLORS</span></code></a> environment
|
||
variable as well as the canonical <a class="reference external" href="https://no-color.org/"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NO_COLOR</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference external" href="https://force-color.org/"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FORCE_COLOR</span></code></a> environment variables.
|
||
See also <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-controlling-color"><span class="std std-ref">Controlling color</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/117225">gh-117225</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/doctest.html#doctest.DocTestRunner.run" title="doctest.DocTestRunner.run"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocTestRunner.run()</span></code></a> method now counts the number of skipped tests.
|
||
Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/doctest.html#doctest.DocTestRunner.skips" title="doctest.DocTestRunner.skips"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocTestRunner.skips</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/doctest.html#doctest.TestResults.skipped" title="doctest.TestResults.skipped"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TestResults.skipped</span></code></a> attributes.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108794">gh-108794</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="email">
|
||
<h3>email<a class="headerlink" href="#email" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Headers with embedded newlines are now quoted on output.
|
||
The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.generator.html#module-email.generator" title="email.generator: Generate flat text email messages from a message structure."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">generator</span></code></a> will now refuse to serialize (write) headers
|
||
that are improperly folded or delimited, such that they would be parsed as
|
||
multiple headers or joined with adjacent data.
|
||
If you need to turn this safety feature off,
|
||
set <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.policy.html#email.policy.Policy.verify_generated_headers" title="email.policy.Policy.verify_generated_headers"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">verify_generated_headers</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Bas Bloemsaat and Petr Viktorin in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/121650">gh-121650</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.utils.html#email.utils.getaddresses" title="email.utils.getaddresses"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getaddresses()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.utils.html#email.utils.parseaddr" title="email.utils.parseaddr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parseaddr()</span></code></a> now
|
||
return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">('',</span> <span class="pre">'')</span></code> pairs in more situations where invalid email addresses
|
||
are encountered instead of potentially inaccurate values.
|
||
The two functions have a new optional <em>strict</em> parameter (default <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>).
|
||
To get the old behavior (accepting malformed input), use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strict=False</span></code>.
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getattr(email.utils,</span> <span class="pre">'supports_strict_parsing',</span> <span class="pre">False)</span></code> can be used
|
||
to check if the <em>strict</em> parameter is available.
|
||
(Contributed by Thomas Dwyer and Victor Stinner for <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/102988">gh-102988</a> to improve
|
||
the <span class="target" id="index-37"></span><a class="cve reference external" href="https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27043"><strong>CVE 2023-27043</strong></a> fix.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="enum">
|
||
<h3>enum<a class="headerlink" href="#enum" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/enum.html#enum.EnumDict" title="enum.EnumDict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EnumDict</span></code></a> has been made public to better support subclassing
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/enum.html#enum.EnumType" title="enum.EnumType"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EnumType</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="fractions">
|
||
<h3>fractions<a class="headerlink" href="#fractions" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/fractions.html#fractions.Fraction" title="fractions.Fraction"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Fraction</span></code></a> objects now support the standard
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/string.html#formatspec"><span class="std std-ref">format specification mini-language</span></a> rules
|
||
for fill, alignment, sign handling, minimum width, and grouping.
|
||
(Contributed by Mark Dickinson in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111320">gh-111320</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="glob">
|
||
<h3>glob<a class="headerlink" href="#glob" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/glob.html#glob.translate" title="glob.translate"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">translate()</span></code></a>, a function to convert a path specification
|
||
with shell-style wildcards to a regular expression.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/72904">gh-72904</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="importlib">
|
||
<h3>importlib<a class="headerlink" href="#importlib" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The following functions in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#module-importlib.resources" title="importlib.resources: Package resource reading, opening, and access"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.resources</span></code></a> now allow accessing
|
||
a directory (or tree) of resources, using multiple positional arguments
|
||
(the <em>encoding</em> and <em>errors</em> arguments in the text-reading functions
|
||
are now keyword-only):</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#importlib.resources.is_resource" title="importlib.resources.is_resource"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is_resource()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#importlib.resources.open_binary" title="importlib.resources.open_binary"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open_binary()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#importlib.resources.open_text" title="importlib.resources.open_text"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">open_text()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#importlib.resources.path" title="importlib.resources.path"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">path()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#importlib.resources.read_binary" title="importlib.resources.read_binary"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">read_binary()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#importlib.resources.read_text" title="importlib.resources.read_text"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">read_text()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>These functions are no longer deprecated and are not scheduled for removal.
|
||
(Contributed by Petr Viktorin in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116608">gh-116608</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.html#importlib.resources.contents" title="importlib.resources.contents"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contents()</span></code></a> remains deprecated in favor of
|
||
the fully-featured <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.abc.html#importlib.resources.abc.Traversable" title="importlib.resources.abc.Traversable"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Traversable</span></code></a> API.
|
||
However, there is now no plan to remove it.
|
||
(Contributed by Petr Viktorin in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116608">gh-116608</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="io">
|
||
<h3>io<a class="headerlink" href="#io" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/io.html#io.IOBase" title="io.IOBase"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IOBase</span></code></a> finalizer now logs any errors raised by
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/io.html#io.IOBase.close" title="io.IOBase.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code></a> method with <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.unraisablehook" title="sys.unraisablehook"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.unraisablehook</span></code></a>.
|
||
Previously, errors were ignored silently by default,
|
||
and only logged in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/devmode.html#devmode"><span class="std std-ref">Python Development Mode</span></a>
|
||
or when using a <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#debug-build"><span class="std std-ref">Python debug build</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/62948">gh-62948</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="ipaddress">
|
||
<h3>ipaddress<a class="headerlink" href="#ipaddress" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv4Address.ipv6_mapped" title="ipaddress.IPv4Address.ipv6_mapped"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IPv4Address.ipv6_mapped</span></code></a> property,
|
||
which returns the IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.
|
||
(Contributed by Charles Machalow in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109466">gh-109466</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Fix <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is_global</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is_private</span></code> behavior in
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv4Address" title="ipaddress.IPv4Address"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IPv4Address</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv6Address" title="ipaddress.IPv6Address"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IPv6Address</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv4Network" title="ipaddress.IPv4Network"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IPv4Network</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ipaddress.html#ipaddress.IPv6Network" title="ipaddress.IPv6Network"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IPv6Network</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Jakub Stasiak in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113171">gh-113171</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="itertools">
|
||
<h3>itertools<a class="headerlink" href="#itertools" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/itertools.html#itertools.batched" title="itertools.batched"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">batched()</span></code></a> has a new <em>strict</em> parameter,
|
||
which raises a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> if the final batch is shorter
|
||
than the specified batch size.
|
||
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113202">gh-113202</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="marshal">
|
||
<h3>marshal<a class="headerlink" href="#marshal" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add the <em>allow_code</em> parameter in module functions.
|
||
Passing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allow_code=False</span></code> prevents serialization and de-serialization
|
||
of code objects which are incompatible between Python versions.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113626">gh-113626</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="math">
|
||
<h3>math<a class="headerlink" href="#math" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The new function <a class="reference internal" href="../library/math.html#math.fma" title="math.fma"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fma()</span></code></a> performs fused multiply-add operations.
|
||
This computes <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">y</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">z</span></code> with only a single round,
|
||
and so avoids any intermediate loss of precision.
|
||
It wraps the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fma()</span></code> function provided by C99,
|
||
and follows the specification of the IEEE 754 “fusedMultiplyAdd” operation
|
||
for special cases.
|
||
(Contributed by Mark Dickinson and Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/73468">gh-73468</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="mimetypes">
|
||
<h3>mimetypes<a class="headerlink" href="#mimetypes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mimetypes.html#mimetypes.guess_file_type" title="mimetypes.guess_file_type"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">guess_file_type()</span></code></a> function to guess a MIME type
|
||
from a filesystem path.
|
||
Using paths with <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mimetypes.html#mimetypes.guess_type" title="mimetypes.guess_type"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">guess_type()</span></code></a> is now <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-soft-deprecated"><span class="xref std std-term">soft deprecated</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/66543">gh-66543</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="mmap">
|
||
<h3>mmap<a class="headerlink" href="#mmap" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/mmap.html#mmap.mmap" title="mmap.mmap"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mmap</span></code></a> is now protected from crashing on Windows when the
|
||
mapped memory is inaccessible due to file system errors or access violations.
|
||
(Contributed by Jannis Weigend in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118209">gh-118209</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/mmap.html#mmap.mmap" title="mmap.mmap"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mmap</span></code></a> has a new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mmap.html#mmap.mmap.seekable" title="mmap.mmap.seekable"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">seekable()</span></code></a> method
|
||
that can be used when a seekable file-like object is required.
|
||
The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mmap.html#mmap.mmap.seek" title="mmap.mmap.seek"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">seek()</span></code></a> method now returns the new absolute position.
|
||
(Contributed by Donghee Na and Sylvie Liberman in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111835">gh-111835</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The new UNIX-only <em>trackfd</em> parameter for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mmap.html#mmap.mmap" title="mmap.mmap"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mmap</span></code></a> controls
|
||
file descriptor duplication;
|
||
if false, the file descriptor specified by <em>fileno</em> will not be duplicated.
|
||
(Contributed by Zackery Spytz and Petr Viktorin in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/78502">gh-78502</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="multiprocessing">
|
||
<h3>multiprocessing<a class="headerlink" href="#multiprocessing" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The default number of worker threads and processes is now selected using
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.process_cpu_count" title="os.process_cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.process_cpu_count()</span></code></a> instead of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.cpu_count" title="os.cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.cpu_count()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109649">gh-109649</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="os">
|
||
<h3>os<a class="headerlink" href="#os" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.process_cpu_count" title="os.process_cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">process_cpu_count()</span></code></a> function to get the number
|
||
of logical CPU cores usable by the calling thread of the current process.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109649">gh-109649</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.cpu_count" title="os.cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cpu_count()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.process_cpu_count" title="os.process_cpu_count"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">process_cpu_count()</span></code></a> can be overridden
|
||
through the new environment variable <span class="target" id="index-38"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHON_CPU_COUNT"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_CPU_COUNT</span></code></a>
|
||
or the new command-line option <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">cpu_count</span></code></a>.
|
||
This option is useful for users who need to limit CPU resources
|
||
of a container system without having to modify application code
|
||
or the container itself.
|
||
(Contributed by Donghee Na in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109595">gh-109595</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os-timerfd"><span class="std std-ref">low level interface</span></a> to Linux’s
|
||
<em class="manpage"><a class="manpage reference external" href="https://manpages.debian.org/timerfd_create(2)">timer file descriptors</a></em>
|
||
via <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.timerfd_create" title="os.timerfd_create"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">timerfd_create()</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.timerfd_settime" title="os.timerfd_settime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">timerfd_settime()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.timerfd_settime_ns" title="os.timerfd_settime_ns"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">timerfd_settime_ns()</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.timerfd_gettime" title="os.timerfd_gettime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">timerfd_gettime()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.timerfd_gettime_ns" title="os.timerfd_gettime_ns"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">timerfd_gettime_ns()</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.TFD_NONBLOCK" title="os.TFD_NONBLOCK"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TFD_NONBLOCK</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.TFD_CLOEXEC" title="os.TFD_CLOEXEC"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TFD_CLOEXEC</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME" title="os.TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TFD_TIMER_ABSTIME</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET" title="os.TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TFD_TIMER_CANCEL_ON_SET</span></code></a>
|
||
(Contributed by Masaru Tsuchiyama in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108277">gh-108277</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.lchmod" title="os.lchmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lchmod()</span></code></a> and the <em>follow_symlinks</em> argument of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.chmod" title="os.chmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chmod()</span></code></a>
|
||
are both now available on Windows.
|
||
Note that the default value of <em>follow_symlinks</em>
|
||
in <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lchmod()</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code> on Windows.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/59616">gh-59616</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.fchmod" title="os.fchmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fchmod()</span></code></a> and support for file descriptors in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.chmod" title="os.chmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chmod()</span></code></a>
|
||
are both now available on Windows.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113191">gh-113191</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>On Windows, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.mkdir" title="os.mkdir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mkdir()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.makedirs" title="os.makedirs"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">makedirs()</span></code></a> now support passing
|
||
a <em>mode</em> value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0o700</span></code> to apply access control to the new directory.
|
||
This implicitly affects <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tempfile.html#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="tempfile.mkdtemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tempfile.mkdtemp()</span></code></a>
|
||
and is a mitigation for <span class="target" id="index-39"></span><a class="cve reference external" href="https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-4030"><strong>CVE 2024-4030</strong></a>.
|
||
Other values for <em>mode</em> continue to be ignored.
|
||
(Contributed by Steve Dower in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118486">gh-118486</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.posix_spawn" title="os.posix_spawn"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn()</span></code></a> now accepts <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> for the <em>env</em> argument,
|
||
which makes the newly spawned process use the current process environment.
|
||
(Contributed by Jakub Kulik in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113119">gh-113119</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.posix_spawn" title="os.posix_spawn"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn()</span></code></a> can now use the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.POSIX_SPAWN_CLOSEFROM" title="os.POSIX_SPAWN_CLOSEFROM"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">POSIX_SPAWN_CLOSEFROM</span></code></a>
|
||
attribute in the <em>file_actions</em> parameter on platforms that support
|
||
<code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn_file_actions_addclosefrom_np()</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Jakub Kulik in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113117">gh-113117</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="os-path">
|
||
<h3>os.path<a class="headerlink" href="#os-path" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.path.html#os.path.isreserved" title="os.path.isreserved"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">isreserved()</span></code></a> to check if a path is reserved
|
||
on the current system.
|
||
This function is only available on Windows.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/88569">gh-88569</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>On Windows, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.path.html#os.path.isabs" title="os.path.isabs"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">isabs()</span></code></a> no longer considers paths
|
||
starting with exactly one slash (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/</span></code>) to be absolute.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale and Jon Foster in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/44626">gh-44626</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.path.html#os.path.realpath" title="os.path.realpath"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">realpath()</span></code></a> now resolves MS-DOS style file names
|
||
even if the file is not accessible.
|
||
(Contributed by Moonsik Park in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/82367">gh-82367</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="pathlib">
|
||
<h3>pathlib<a class="headerlink" href="#pathlib" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.UnsupportedOperation" title="pathlib.UnsupportedOperation"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UnsupportedOperation</span></code></a>, which is raised instead of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#NotImplementedError" title="NotImplementedError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotImplementedError</span></code></a> when a path operation isn’t supported.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/89812">gh-89812</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add a new constructor for creating <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path" title="pathlib.Path"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path</span></code></a> objects
|
||
from ‘file’ URIs (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">file:///</span></code>), <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.from_uri" title="pathlib.Path.from_uri"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path.from_uri()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107465">gh-107465</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.PurePath.full_match" title="pathlib.PurePath.full_match"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PurePath.full_match()</span></code></a> for matching paths with
|
||
shell-style wildcards, including the recursive wildcard “<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">**</span></code>”.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/73435">gh-73435</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.PurePath.parser" title="pathlib.PurePath.parser"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PurePath.parser</span></code></a> class attribute to store the
|
||
implementation of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.path.html#module-os.path" title="os.path: Operations on pathnames."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.path</span></code></a> used
|
||
for low-level path parsing and joining.
|
||
This will be either <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posixpath</span></code> or <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ntpath</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <em>recurse_symlinks</em> keyword-only argument to
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.glob" title="pathlib.Path.glob"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path.glob()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.rglob" title="pathlib.Path.rglob"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rglob()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/77609">gh-77609</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.glob" title="pathlib.Path.glob"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path.glob()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.rglob" title="pathlib.Path.rglob"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rglob()</span></code></a>
|
||
now return files and directories when given a pattern that ends with “<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">**</span></code>”.
|
||
Previously, only directories were returned.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/70303">gh-70303</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <em>follow_symlinks</em> keyword-only argument to
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.is_file" title="pathlib.Path.is_file"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path.is_file</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.is_dir" title="pathlib.Path.is_dir"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path.is_dir</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.owner" title="pathlib.Path.owner"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path.owner()</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.group" title="pathlib.Path.group"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path.group()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105793">gh-105793</a> and Kamil Turek in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107962">gh-107962</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="pdb">
|
||
<h3>pdb<a class="headerlink" href="#pdb" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#breakpoint" title="breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">breakpoint()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pdb.html#pdb.set_trace" title="pdb.set_trace"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_trace()</span></code></a> now enter the debugger immediately
|
||
rather than on the next line of code to be executed. This change prevents the
|
||
debugger from breaking outside of the context when <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">breakpoint()</span></code> is positioned
|
||
at the end of the context.
|
||
(Contributed by Tian Gao in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118579">gh-118579</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path[0]</span></code> is no longer replaced by the directory of the script
|
||
being debugged when <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.flags.safe_path" title="sys.flags.safe_path"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.flags.safe_path</span></code></a> is set.
|
||
(Contributed by Tian Gao and Christian Walther in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111762">gh-111762</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/zipapp.html#module-zipapp" title="zipapp: Manage executable Python zip archives"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zipapp</span></code></a> is now supported as a debugging target.
|
||
(Contributed by Tian Gao in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118501">gh-118501</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add ability to move between chained exceptions during
|
||
post-mortem debugging in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pdb.html#pdb.pm" title="pdb.pm"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pm()</span></code></a> using
|
||
the new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pdb.html#pdbcommand-exceptions"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exceptions</span> <span class="pre">[exc_number]</span></code></a> command for Pdb.
|
||
(Contributed by Matthias Bussonnier in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106676">gh-106676</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Expressions and statements whose prefix is a pdb command are now correctly
|
||
identified and executed.
|
||
(Contributed by Tian Gao in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108464">gh-108464</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="queue">
|
||
<h3>queue<a class="headerlink" href="#queue" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/queue.html#queue.Queue.shutdown" title="queue.Queue.shutdown"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Queue.shutdown</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/queue.html#queue.ShutDown" title="queue.ShutDown"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ShutDown</span></code></a>
|
||
to manage queue termination.
|
||
(Contributed by Laurie Opperman and Yves Duprat in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104750">gh-104750</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="random">
|
||
<h3>random<a class="headerlink" href="#random" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/random.html#random-cli"><span class="std std-ref">command-line interface</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118131">gh-118131</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="re">
|
||
<h3>re<a class="headerlink" href="#re" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Rename <code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re.error</span></code> to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/re.html#re.PatternError" title="re.PatternError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PatternError</span></code></a> for improved clarity.
|
||
<code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re.error</span></code> is kept for backward compatibility.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="shutil">
|
||
<h3>shutil<a class="headerlink" href="#shutil" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Support the <em>dir_fd</em> and <em>follow_symlinks</em> keyword arguments
|
||
in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/shutil.html#shutil.chown" title="shutil.chown"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chown()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Berker Peksag and Tahia K in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/62308">gh-62308</a>)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="site">
|
||
<h3>site<a class="headerlink" href="#site" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pth</span></code> files are now decoded using UTF-8 first,
|
||
and then with the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-locale-encoding"><span class="xref std std-term">locale encoding</span></a> if UTF-8 decoding fails.
|
||
(Contributed by Inada Naoki in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/117802">gh-117802</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="sqlite3">
|
||
<h3>sqlite3<a class="headerlink" href="#sqlite3" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>A <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ResourceWarning" title="ResourceWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ResourceWarning</span></code></a> is now emitted if a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection" title="sqlite3.Connection"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Connection</span></code></a>
|
||
object is not <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.close" title="sqlite3.Connection.close"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">closed</span></code></a> explicitly.
|
||
(Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105539">gh-105539</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <em>filter</em> keyword-only parameter to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.iterdump" title="sqlite3.Connection.iterdump"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Connection.iterdump()</span></code></a>
|
||
for filtering database objects to dump.
|
||
(Contributed by Mariusz Felisiak in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/91602">gh-91602</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="ssl">
|
||
<h3>ssl<a class="headerlink" href="#ssl" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.create_default_context" title="ssl.create_default_context"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">create_default_context()</span></code></a> API now includes
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.VERIFY_X509_PARTIAL_CHAIN" title="ssl.VERIFY_X509_PARTIAL_CHAIN"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VERIFY_X509_PARTIAL_CHAIN</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.VERIFY_X509_STRICT" title="ssl.VERIFY_X509_STRICT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VERIFY_X509_STRICT</span></code></a>
|
||
in its default flags.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.VERIFY_X509_STRICT" title="ssl.VERIFY_X509_STRICT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VERIFY_X509_STRICT</span></code></a> may reject pre-<span class="target" id="index-40"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5280.html"><strong>RFC 5280</strong></a>
|
||
or malformed certificates that the underlying OpenSSL implementation
|
||
might otherwise accept.
|
||
Whilst disabling this is not recommended, you can do so using:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">ssl</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="n">ctx</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ssl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_default_context</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">verify_flags</span> <span class="o">&=</span> <span class="o">~</span><span class="n">ssl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">VERIFY_X509_STRICT</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by William Woodruff in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112389">gh-112389</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="statistics">
|
||
<h3>statistics<a class="headerlink" href="#statistics" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/statistics.html#statistics.kde" title="statistics.kde"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">kde()</span></code></a> for kernel density estimation.
|
||
This makes it possible to estimate a continuous probability density function
|
||
from a fixed number of discrete samples.
|
||
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115863">gh-115863</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/statistics.html#statistics.kde_random" title="statistics.kde_random"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">kde_random()</span></code></a> for sampling from an
|
||
estimated probability density function created by <a class="reference internal" href="../library/statistics.html#statistics.kde" title="statistics.kde"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">kde()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115863">gh-115863</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="subprocess">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-subprocess"></span><h3>subprocess<a class="headerlink" href="#subprocess" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/subprocess.html#module-subprocess" title="subprocess: Subprocess management."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subprocess</span></code></a> module now uses the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.posix_spawn" title="os.posix_spawn"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn()</span></code></a> function in
|
||
more situations.</p>
|
||
<p>Notably, when <em>close_fds</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> (the default),
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.posix_spawn" title="os.posix_spawn"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn()</span></code></a> will be used when the C library provides
|
||
<code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn_file_actions_addclosefrom_np()</span></code>,
|
||
which includes recent versions of Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris.
|
||
On Linux, this should perform similarly to the existing
|
||
Linux <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vfork()</span></code> based code.</p>
|
||
<p>A private control knob <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subprocess._USE_POSIX_SPAWN</span></code> can
|
||
be set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code> if you need to force <a class="reference internal" href="../library/subprocess.html#module-subprocess" title="subprocess: Subprocess management."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subprocess</span></code></a>
|
||
to never use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.posix_spawn" title="os.posix_spawn"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn()</span></code></a>.
|
||
Please report your reason and platform details in
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../bugs.html#using-the-tracker"><span class="std std-ref">issue tracker</span></a> if you set this
|
||
so that we can improve our API selection logic for everyone.
|
||
(Contributed by Jakub Kulik in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113117">gh-113117</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="sys">
|
||
<h3>sys<a class="headerlink" href="#sys" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys._is_interned" title="sys._is_interned"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_is_interned()</span></code></a> function to test if a string was interned.
|
||
This function is not guaranteed to exist in all implementations of Python.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/78573">gh-78573</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="tempfile">
|
||
<h3>tempfile<a class="headerlink" href="#tempfile" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>On Windows, the default mode <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0o700</span></code> used by <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tempfile.html#tempfile.mkdtemp" title="tempfile.mkdtemp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tempfile.mkdtemp()</span></code></a> now
|
||
limits access to the new directory due to changes to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.mkdir" title="os.mkdir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.mkdir()</span></code></a>.
|
||
This is a mitigation for <span class="target" id="index-41"></span><a class="cve reference external" href="https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-4030"><strong>CVE 2024-4030</strong></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Steve Dower in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118486">gh-118486</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="time">
|
||
<h3>time<a class="headerlink" href="#time" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>On Windows, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/time.html#time.monotonic" title="time.monotonic"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">monotonic()</span></code></a> now uses the
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">QueryPerformanceCounter()</span></code> clock for a resolution of 1 microsecond,
|
||
instead of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GetTickCount64()</span></code> clock which has
|
||
a resolution of 15.6 milliseconds.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/88494">gh-88494</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>On Windows, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/time.html#time.time" title="time.time"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">time()</span></code></a> now uses the
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime()</span></code> clock for a resolution of 1 microsecond,
|
||
instead of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GetSystemTimeAsFileTime()</span></code> clock which has
|
||
a resolution of 15.6 milliseconds.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/63207">gh-63207</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="tkinter">
|
||
<h3>tkinter<a class="headerlink" href="#tkinter" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> widget methods:
|
||
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tk_busy_hold()</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tk_busy_configure()</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tk_busy_cget()</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tk_busy_forget()</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tk_busy_current()</span></code>, and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tk_busy_status()</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Miguel, klappnase and Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/72684">gh-72684</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tkinter.html#module-tkinter" title="tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter</span></code></a> widget method <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wm_attributes()</span></code> now accepts
|
||
the attribute name without the minus prefix to get window attributes,
|
||
for example <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">w.wm_attributes('alpha')</span></code>
|
||
and allows specifying attributes and values to set as keyword arguments,
|
||
for example <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">w.wm_attributes(alpha=0.5)</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/43457">gh-43457</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wm_attributes()</span></code> can now return attributes as a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a>,
|
||
by using the new optional keyword-only parameter <em>return_python_dict</em>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/43457">gh-43457</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text.count()</span></code> can now return a simple <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code></a>
|
||
when the new optional keyword-only parameter <em>return_ints</em> is used.
|
||
Otherwise, the single count is returned as a 1-tuple or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/97928">gh-97928</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Support the “vsapi” element type in
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tkinter.ttk.html#tkinter.ttk.Style.element_create" title="tkinter.ttk.Style.element_create"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">element_create()</span></code></a> method of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/tkinter.ttk.html#tkinter.ttk.Style" title="tkinter.ttk.Style"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.ttk.Style</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/68166">gh-68166</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">after_info()</span></code> method for Tkinter widgets.
|
||
(Contributed by Cheryl Sabella in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/77020">gh-77020</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add a new <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">copy_replace()</span></code> method to <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PhotoImage</span></code>
|
||
to copy a region from one image to another,
|
||
possibly with pixel zooming, subsampling, or both.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118225">gh-118225</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <em>from_coords</em> parameter to the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PhotoImage</span></code> methods
|
||
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">copy()</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zoom()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subsample()</span></code>.
|
||
Add <em>zoom</em> and <em>subsample</em> parameters to the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PhotoImage</span></code> method
|
||
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">copy()</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118225">gh-118225</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PhotoImage</span></code> methods
|
||
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">read()</span></code> to read an image from a file
|
||
and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">data()</span></code> to get the image data.
|
||
Add <em>background</em> and <em>grayscale</em> parameters to the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">write()</span></code> method.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/118271">gh-118271</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="traceback">
|
||
<h3>traceback<a class="headerlink" href="#traceback" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/traceback.html#traceback.TracebackException.exc_type_str" title="traceback.TracebackException.exc_type_str"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exc_type_str</span></code></a> attribute
|
||
to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/traceback.html#traceback.TracebackException" title="traceback.TracebackException"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TracebackException</span></code></a>,
|
||
which holds a string display of the <em>exc_type</em>.
|
||
Deprecate the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/traceback.html#traceback.TracebackException.exc_type" title="traceback.TracebackException.exc_type"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exc_type</span></code></a> attribute,
|
||
which holds the type object itself.
|
||
Add parameter <em>save_exc_type</em> (default <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>)
|
||
to indicate whether <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exc_type</span></code> should be saved.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112332">gh-112332</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add a new <em>show_group</em> keyword-only parameter to
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/traceback.html#traceback.TracebackException.format_exception_only" title="traceback.TracebackException.format_exception_only"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TracebackException.format_exception_only()</span></code></a> to (recursively) format
|
||
the nested exceptions of a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#BaseExceptionGroup" title="BaseExceptionGroup"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BaseExceptionGroup</span></code></a> instance.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105292">gh-105292</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="types">
|
||
<h3>types<a class="headerlink" href="#types" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/types.html#types.SimpleNamespace" title="types.SimpleNamespace"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SimpleNamespace</span></code></a> can now take a single positional argument
|
||
to initialise the namespace’s arguments.
|
||
This argument must either be a mapping or an iterable of key-value pairs.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108191">gh-108191</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="typing">
|
||
<h3>typing<a class="headerlink" href="#typing" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-42"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0705/"><strong>PEP 705</strong></a>: Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.ReadOnly" title="typing.ReadOnly"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ReadOnly</span></code></a>, a special typing construct
|
||
to mark a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypedDict" title="typing.TypedDict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypedDict</span></code></a> item as read-only for type checkers.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-43"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0742/"><strong>PEP 742</strong></a>: Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypeIs" title="typing.TypeIs"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeIs</span></code></a>, a typing construct
|
||
that can be used to instruct a type checker how to narrow a type.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.NoDefault" title="typing.NoDefault"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NoDefault</span></code></a>, a sentinel object used to represent
|
||
the defaults of some parameters in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a> module.
|
||
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116126">gh-116126</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.get_protocol_members" title="typing.get_protocol_members"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_protocol_members()</span></code></a> to return the set of members
|
||
defining a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.Protocol" title="typing.Protocol"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.Protocol</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104873">gh-104873</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.is_protocol" title="typing.is_protocol"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is_protocol()</span></code></a> to check whether a class
|
||
is a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.Protocol" title="typing.Protocol"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Protocol</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104873">gh-104873</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.ClassVar" title="typing.ClassVar"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ClassVar</span></code></a> can now be nested in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.Final" title="typing.Final"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Final</span></code></a>,
|
||
and vice versa.
|
||
(Contributed by Mehdi Drissi in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/89547">gh-89547</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="unicodedata">
|
||
<h3>unicodedata<a class="headerlink" href="#unicodedata" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Update the Unicode database to <a class="reference external" href="https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode15.1.0/">version 15.1.0</a>.
|
||
(Contributed by James Gerity in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109559">gh-109559</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="venv">
|
||
<h3>venv<a class="headerlink" href="#venv" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add support for creating source control management (SCM) ignore files
|
||
in a virtual environment’s directory.
|
||
By default, Git is supported.
|
||
This is implemented as opt-in via the API,
|
||
which can be extended to support other SCMs
|
||
(<a class="reference internal" href="../library/venv.html#venv.EnvBuilder" title="venv.EnvBuilder"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EnvBuilder</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/venv.html#venv.create" title="venv.create"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">create()</span></code></a>),
|
||
and opt-out via the CLI, using <code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--without-scm-ignore-files</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Brett Cannon in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108125">gh-108125</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="warnings">
|
||
<h3>warnings<a class="headerlink" href="#warnings" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><span class="target" id="index-44"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0702/"><strong>PEP 702</strong></a>: The new <a class="reference internal" href="../library/warnings.html#warnings.deprecated" title="warnings.deprecated"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings.deprecated()</span></code></a> decorator provides a way to
|
||
communicate deprecations to a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-static-type-checker"><span class="xref std std-term">static type checker</span></a>
|
||
and to warn on usage of deprecated classes and functions.
|
||
A <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a> may also be emitted when
|
||
a decorated function or class is used at runtime.
|
||
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104003">gh-104003</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="xml">
|
||
<h3>xml<a class="headerlink" href="#xml" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Allow controlling Expat >=2.6.0 reparse deferral (<span class="target" id="index-45"></span><a class="cve reference external" href="https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52425"><strong>CVE 2023-52425</strong></a>)
|
||
by adding five new methods:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser.flush" title="xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser.flush"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser.flush()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLPullParser.flush" title="xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLPullParser.flush"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLPullParser.flush()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pyexpat.html#xml.parsers.expat.xmlparser.GetReparseDeferralEnabled" title="xml.parsers.expat.xmlparser.GetReparseDeferralEnabled"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.parsers.expat.xmlparser.GetReparseDeferralEnabled()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pyexpat.html#xml.parsers.expat.xmlparser.SetReparseDeferralEnabled" title="xml.parsers.expat.xmlparser.SetReparseDeferralEnabled"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.parsers.expat.xmlparser.SetReparseDeferralEnabled()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.sax.expatreader.ExpatParser.flush()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Sebastian Pipping in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115623">gh-115623</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">close()</span></code> method for the iterator returned by
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#xml.etree.ElementTree.iterparse" title="xml.etree.ElementTree.iterparse"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">iterparse()</span></code></a> for explicit cleanup.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/69893">gh-69893</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="zipimport">
|
||
<h3>zipimport<a class="headerlink" href="#zipimport" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Add support for <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_(file_format)#ZIP64">ZIP64</a> format files.
|
||
Everybody loves huge data, right?
|
||
(Contributed by Tim Hatch in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/94146">gh-94146</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="optimizations">
|
||
<h2>Optimizations<a class="headerlink" href="#optimizations" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Several standard library modules have had
|
||
their import times significantly improved.
|
||
For example, the import time of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a> module
|
||
has been reduced by around a third by removing dependencies
|
||
on <a class="reference internal" href="../library/re.html#module-re" title="re: Regular expression operations."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/contextlib.html#module-contextlib" title="contextlib: Utilities for with-statement contexts."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contextlib</span></code></a>.
|
||
Other modules to enjoy import-time speedups include
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.utils.html#module-email.utils" title="email.utils: Miscellaneous email package utilities."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.utils</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/enum.html#module-enum" title="enum: Implementation of an enumeration class."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">enum</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functools.html#module-functools" title="functools: Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">functools</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.metadata.html#module-importlib.metadata" title="importlib.metadata: Accessing package metadata"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#module-threading" title="threading: Thread-based parallelism."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Alex Waygood, Shantanu Jain, Adam Turner, Daniel Hollas,
|
||
and others in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109653">gh-109653</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/textwrap.html#textwrap.indent" title="textwrap.indent"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">textwrap.indent()</span></code></a> is now around 30% faster than before for large input.
|
||
(Contributed by Inada Naoki in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107369">gh-107369</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/subprocess.html#module-subprocess" title="subprocess: Subprocess management."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subprocess</span></code></a> module now uses the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.posix_spawn" title="os.posix_spawn"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">posix_spawn()</span></code></a> function in
|
||
more situations, including when <em>close_fds</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> (the default)
|
||
on many modern platforms.
|
||
This should provide a notable performance increase
|
||
when launching processes on FreeBSD and Solaris.
|
||
See the <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-subprocess"><span class="std std-ref">subprocess</span></a> section above for details.
|
||
(Contributed by Jakub Kulik in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113117">gh-113117</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="removed-modules-and-apis">
|
||
<h2>Removed Modules And APIs<a class="headerlink" href="#removed-modules-and-apis" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<section id="pep-594-remove-dead-batteries-from-the-standard-library">
|
||
<span id="whatsnew313-pep594"></span><h3>PEP 594: Remove “dead batteries” from the standard library<a class="headerlink" href="#pep-594-remove-dead-batteries-from-the-standard-library" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p><span class="target" id="index-46"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0594/"><strong>PEP 594</strong></a> proposed removing 19 modules from the standard library,
|
||
colloquially referred to as ‘dead batteries’ due to their
|
||
historic, obsolete, or insecure status.
|
||
All of the following modules were deprecated in Python 3.11,
|
||
and are now removed:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code></p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-aifc/">standard-aifc</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aifc</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">audioop</span></code></p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/audioop-lts/">audioop-lts</a>:
|
||
Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">audioop-lts</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chunk</span></code></p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-chunk/">standard-chunk</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chunk</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgitb</span></code></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi.FieldStorage</span></code> can typically be replaced with
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.parse.html#urllib.parse.parse_qsl" title="urllib.parse.parse_qsl"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib.parse.parse_qsl()</span></code></a> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GET</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HEAD</span></code> requests,
|
||
and the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.message.html#module-email.message" title="email.message: The base class representing email messages."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.message</span></code></a> module or the <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/multipart/">multipart</a> library
|
||
for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">POST</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PUT</span></code> requests.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi.parse()</span></code> can be replaced by calling
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.parse.html#urllib.parse.parse_qs" title="urllib.parse.parse_qs"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib.parse.parse_qs()</span></code></a> directly on the desired query string,
|
||
unless the input is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">multipart/form-data</span></code>,
|
||
which should be replaced as described below for <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi.parse_multipart()</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi.parse_header()</span></code> can be replaced with the functionality
|
||
in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.html#module-email" title="email: Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating email messages."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email</span></code></a> package, which implements the same MIME RFCs.
|
||
For example, with <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.message.html#email.message.EmailMessage" title="email.message.EmailMessage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.message.EmailMessage</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">email.message</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">EmailMessage</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">EmailMessage</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'content-type'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'application/json; charset="utf8"'</span>
|
||
<span class="n">main</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">params</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_content_type</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'content-type'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">params</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi.parse_multipart()</span></code> can be replaced with the functionality
|
||
in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.html#module-email" title="email: Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating email messages."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email</span></code></a> package, which implements the same MIME RFCs,
|
||
or with the <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/multipart/">multipart</a> library.
|
||
For example, the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.message.html#email.message.EmailMessage" title="email.message.EmailMessage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.message.EmailMessage</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.compat32-message.html#email.message.Message" title="email.message.Message"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.message.Message</span></code></a> classes.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-cgi/">standard-cgi</a>: and <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-cgitb/">standard-cgitb</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgi</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cgitb</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">crypt</span></code> and the private <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_crypt</span></code> extension.
|
||
The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/hashlib.html#module-hashlib" title="hashlib: Secure hash and message digest algorithms."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hashlib</span></code></a> module may be an appropriate replacement
|
||
when simply hashing a value is required.
|
||
Otherwise, various third-party libraries on PyPI are available:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/bcrypt/">bcrypt</a>:
|
||
Modern password hashing for your software and your servers.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/passlib/">passlib</a>:
|
||
Comprehensive password hashing framework supporting over 30 schemes.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/argon2-cffi/">argon2-cffi</a>:
|
||
The secure Argon2 password hashing algorithm.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/legacycrypt/">legacycrypt</a>:
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/ctypes.html#module-ctypes" title="ctypes: A foreign function library for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ctypes</span></code></a> wrapper to the POSIX crypt library call
|
||
and associated functionality.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/crypt_r/">crypt_r</a>:
|
||
Fork of the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">crypt</span></code> module,
|
||
wrapper to the <em class="manpage"><a class="manpage reference external" href="https://manpages.debian.org/crypt_r(3)">crypt_r(3)</a></em> library call
|
||
and associated functionality.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-crypt/">standard-crypt</a> and <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/deprecated-crypt-alternative/">deprecated-crypt-alternative</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">crypt</span></code> and reimplementation of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_crypt</span></code> libraries from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">imghdr</span></code>:
|
||
The <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/filetype/">filetype</a>, <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/puremagic/">puremagic</a>, or <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/python-magic/">python-magic</a> libraries
|
||
should be used as replacements.
|
||
For example, the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">puremagic.what()</span></code> function can be used
|
||
to replace the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">imghdr.what()</span></code> function for all file formats
|
||
that were supported by <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">imghdr</span></code>.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-imghdr/">standard-imghdr</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">imghdr</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mailcap</span></code>:
|
||
Use the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mimetypes.html#module-mimetypes" title="mimetypes: Mapping of filename extensions to MIME types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mimetypes</span></code></a> module instead.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-mailcap/">standard-mailcap</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mailcap</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">msilib</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nis</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nntplib</span></code>:
|
||
Use the <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/pynntp/">pynntp</a> library from PyPI instead.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-nntplib/">standard-nntplib</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nntplib</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ossaudiodev</span></code>:
|
||
For audio playback, use the <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/pygame/">pygame</a> library from PyPI instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipes</span></code>:
|
||
Use the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/subprocess.html#module-subprocess" title="subprocess: Subprocess management."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subprocess</span></code></a> module instead.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/shlex.html#shlex.quote" title="shlex.quote"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">shlex.quote()</span></code></a> to replace the undocumented <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipes.quote</span></code>
|
||
function.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-pipes/">standard-pipes</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipes</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sndhdr</span></code>:
|
||
The <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/filetype/">filetype</a>, <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/puremagic/">puremagic</a>, or <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/python-magic/">python-magic</a> libraries
|
||
should be used as replacements.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-sndhdr/">standard-sndhdr</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sndhdr</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">spwd</span></code>:
|
||
Use the <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/python-pam/">python-pam</a> library from PyPI instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code></p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-sunau/">standard-sunau</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sunau</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">telnetlib</span></code>,
|
||
Use the <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/telnetlib3/">telnetlib3</a> or <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/Exscript/">Exscript</a> libraries from PyPI instead.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-telnetlib/">standard-telnetlib</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">telnetlib</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uu</span></code>:
|
||
Use the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/base64.html#module-base64" title="base64: RFC 4648: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings; Base85 and Ascii85"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">base64</span></code></a> module instead, as a modern alternative.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-uu/">standard-uu</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uu</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xdrlib</span></code></p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/standard-xdrlib/">standard-xdrlib</a>:
|
||
Use the redistribution of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xdrlib</span></code> library from PyPI.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Victor Stinner and Zachary Ware in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104773">gh-104773</a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104780">gh-104780</a>.)</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="to3">
|
||
<h3>2to3<a class="headerlink" href="#to3" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <strong class="program">2to3</strong> program and the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lib2to3</span></code> module,
|
||
previously deprecated in Python 3.11.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104780">gh-104780</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="builtins">
|
||
<h3>builtins<a class="headerlink" href="#builtins" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove support for chained <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#classmethod" title="classmethod"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">classmethod</span></code></a> descriptors
|
||
(introduced in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/63272">gh-63272</a>).
|
||
These can no longer be used to wrap other descriptors,
|
||
such as <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#property" title="property"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">property</span></code></a>.
|
||
The core design of this feature was flawed and led to several problems.
|
||
To “pass-through” a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#classmethod" title="classmethod"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">classmethod</span></code></a>, consider using
|
||
the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__wrapped__</span></code> attribute that was added in Python 3.10.
|
||
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/89519">gh-89519</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Raise a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#RuntimeError" title="RuntimeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RuntimeError</span></code></a> when calling <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.clear" title="frame.clear"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">frame.clear()</span></code></a>
|
||
on a suspended frame (as has always been the case for an executing frame).
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/79932">gh-79932</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="id3">
|
||
<h3>configparser<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the undocumented <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LegacyInterpolation</span></code> class,
|
||
deprecated in the docstring since Python 3.2,
|
||
and at runtime since Python 3.11.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104886">gh-104886</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="importlib-metadata">
|
||
<h3>importlib.metadata<a class="headerlink" href="#importlib-metadata" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove deprecated subscript (<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__getitem__" title="object.__getitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__getitem__()</span></code></a>) access for
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.metadata.html#entry-points"><span class="std std-ref">EntryPoint</span></a> objects.
|
||
(Contributed by Jason R. Coombs in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113175">gh-113175</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="locale">
|
||
<h3>locale<a class="headerlink" href="#locale" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locale.resetlocale()</span></code> function, deprecated in Python 3.11.
|
||
Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL,</span> <span class="pre">"")</span></code> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104783">gh-104783</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="opcode">
|
||
<h3>opcode<a class="headerlink" href="#opcode" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Move <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">opcode.ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION</span></code> to <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_opcode.ENABLE_SPECIALIZATION</span></code>.
|
||
This field was added in 3.12, it was never documented,
|
||
and is not intended for external use.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105481">gh-105481</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">opcode.is_pseudo()</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">opcode.MIN_PSEUDO_OPCODE</span></code>,
|
||
and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">opcode.MAX_PSEUDO_OPCODE</span></code>, which were added in Python 3.12,
|
||
but were neither documented nor exposed through <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#module-dis" title="dis: Disassembler for Python bytecode."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dis</span></code></a>,
|
||
and were not intended to be used externally.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105481">gh-105481</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="optparse">
|
||
<h3>optparse<a class="headerlink" href="#optparse" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>This module is no longer considered <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-soft-deprecated"><span class="xref std std-term">soft deprecated</span></a>.
|
||
While <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a> remains preferred for new projects that
|
||
aren’t using a third party command line argument processing
|
||
library, there are aspects of the way <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code> works that
|
||
mean the lower level <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code> module may provide a better
|
||
foundation for <em>writing</em> argument processing libraries, and
|
||
for implementing command line applications which adhere more
|
||
strictly than <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code> does to various Unix command line
|
||
processing conventions that originate in the behaviour of the
|
||
C <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getopt()</span></code> function .
|
||
(Contributed by Alyssa Coghlan and Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/126180">gh-126180</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="id4">
|
||
<h3>pathlib<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the ability to use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path" title="pathlib.Path"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Path</span></code></a> objects as context managers.
|
||
This functionality was deprecated and has had no effect since Python 3.9.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/83863">gh-83863</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="id5">
|
||
<h3>re<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the undocumented, deprecated, and broken
|
||
<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re.template()</span></code> function and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re.TEMPLATE</span></code> / <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re.T</span></code> flag.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka and Nikita Sobolev in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105687">gh-105687</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="tkinter-tix">
|
||
<h3>tkinter.tix<a class="headerlink" href="#tkinter-tix" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tkinter.tix</span></code> module, deprecated in Python 3.6.
|
||
The third-party Tix library which the module wrapped is unmaintained.
|
||
(Contributed by Zachary Ware in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/75552">gh-75552</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="turtle">
|
||
<h3>turtle<a class="headerlink" href="#turtle" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RawTurtle.settiltangle()</span></code> method,
|
||
deprecated in the documentation since Python 3.1
|
||
and at runtime since Python 3.11.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104876">gh-104876</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="id6">
|
||
<h3>typing<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.io</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.re</span></code> namespaces,
|
||
deprecated since Python 3.8.
|
||
The items in those namespaces can be imported directly
|
||
from the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a> module.
|
||
(Contributed by Sebastian Rittau in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/92871">gh-92871</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the keyword-argument method of creating
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypedDict" title="typing.TypedDict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypedDict</span></code></a> types, deprecated in Python 3.11.
|
||
(Contributed by Tomas Roun in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104786">gh-104786</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="unittest">
|
||
<h3>unittest<a class="headerlink" href="#unittest" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the following <a class="reference internal" href="../library/unittest.html#module-unittest" title="unittest: Unit testing framework for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unittest</span></code></a> functions, deprecated in Python 3.11:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unittest.findTestCases()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unittest.makeSuite()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unittest.getTestCaseNames()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/unittest.html#unittest.TestLoader" title="unittest.TestLoader"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TestLoader</span></code></a> methods instead:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/unittest.html#unittest.TestLoader.loadTestsFromModule" title="unittest.TestLoader.loadTestsFromModule"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">loadTestsFromModule()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/unittest.html#unittest.TestLoader.loadTestsFromTestCase" title="unittest.TestLoader.loadTestsFromTestCase"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">loadTestsFromTestCase()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/unittest.html#unittest.TestLoader.getTestCaseNames" title="unittest.TestLoader.getTestCaseNames"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getTestCaseNames()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104835">gh-104835</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the untested and undocumented <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TestProgram.usageExit()</span></code>
|
||
method, deprecated in Python 3.11.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104992">gh-104992</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="urllib">
|
||
<h3>urllib<a class="headerlink" href="#urllib" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <em>cafile</em>, <em>capath</em>, and <em>cadefault</em> parameters of the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.request.html#urllib.request.urlopen" title="urllib.request.urlopen"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib.request.urlopen()</span></code></a> function, deprecated in Python 3.6.
|
||
Use the <em>context</em> parameter instead with an <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext" title="ssl.SSLContext"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SSLContext</span></code></a> instance.
|
||
The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain" title="ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain()</span></code></a> function
|
||
can be used to load specific certificates,
|
||
or let <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.create_default_context" title="ssl.create_default_context"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.create_default_context()</span></code></a> select
|
||
the operating system’s trusted certificate authority (CA) certificates.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105382">gh-105382</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="webbrowser">
|
||
<h3>webbrowser<a class="headerlink" href="#webbrowser" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Remove the untested and undocumented <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MacOSX</span></code> class,
|
||
deprecated in Python 3.11.
|
||
Use the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MacOSXOSAScript</span></code> class (introduced in Python 3.2) instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104804">gh-104804</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the deprecated <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MacOSXOSAScript._name</span></code> attribute.
|
||
Use the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/webbrowser.html#webbrowser.controller.name" title="webbrowser.controller.name"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MacOSXOSAScript.name</span></code></a>
|
||
attribute instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105546">gh-105546</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="new-deprecations">
|
||
<h2>New Deprecations<a class="headerlink" href="#new-deprecations" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#user-defined-funcs"><span class="std std-ref">User-defined functions</span></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate assignment to a function’s <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#function.__code__" title="function.__code__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__code__</span></code></a> attribute,
|
||
where the new code object’s type does not match the function’s type.
|
||
The different types are:
|
||
plain function, generator, async generator, and coroutine.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/81137">gh-81137</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/array.html#module-array" title="array: Space efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">array</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'u'</span></code> format code (<code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wchar_t</span></code>) at runtime.
|
||
This format code has been deprecated in documentation since Python 3.3,
|
||
and will be removed in Python 3.16.
|
||
Use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'w'</span></code> format code (<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/unicode.html#c.Py_UCS4" title="Py_UCS4"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UCS4</span></code></a>)
|
||
for Unicode characters instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/80480">gh-80480</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ctypes.html#module-ctypes" title="ctypes: A foreign function library for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ctypes</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the undocumented <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SetPointerType()</span></code> function,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.15.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105733">gh-105733</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-soft-deprecated"><span class="xref std std-term">Soft-deprecate</span></a> the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ctypes.html#ctypes.ARRAY" title="ctypes.ARRAY"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ARRAY()</span></code></a>
|
||
function in favour of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">length</span></code> multiplication.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105733">gh-105733</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#module-decimal" title="decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the non-standard and undocumented <a class="reference internal" href="../library/decimal.html#decimal.Decimal" title="decimal.Decimal"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Decimal</span></code></a>
|
||
format specifier <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'N'</span></code>,
|
||
which is only supported in the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal</span></code> module’s C implementation.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/89902">gh-89902</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#module-dis" title="dis: Disassembler for Python bytecode."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dis</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HAVE_ARGUMENT</span></code> separator.
|
||
Check membership in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#dis.hasarg" title="dis.hasarg"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hasarg</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109319">gh-109319</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/gettext.html#module-gettext" title="gettext: Multilingual internationalization services."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gettext</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate non-integer numbers as arguments to functions and methods
|
||
that consider plural forms in the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gettext</span></code> module,
|
||
even if no translation was found.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/88434">gh-88434</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/glob.html#module-glob" title="glob: Unix shell style pathname pattern expansion."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">glob</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the undocumented <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">glob0()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">glob1()</span></code> functions.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/glob.html#glob.glob" title="glob.glob"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">glob()</span></code></a> and pass a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-path-like-object"><span class="xref std std-term">path-like object</span></a> specifying
|
||
the root directory to the <em>root_dir</em> parameter instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/117337">gh-117337</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/http.server.html#module-http.server" title="http.server: HTTP server and request handlers."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">http.server</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate <a class="reference internal" href="../library/http.server.html#http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler" title="http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CGIHTTPRequestHandler</span></code></a>,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.15.
|
||
Process-based CGI HTTP servers have been out of favor for a very long time.
|
||
This code was outdated, unmaintained, and rarely used.
|
||
It has a high potential for both security and functionality bugs.
|
||
(Contributed by Gregory P. Smith in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109096">gh-109096</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--cgi</span></code> flag to
|
||
the <strong class="program">python -m http.server</strong> command-line interface,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.15.
|
||
(Contributed by Gregory P. Smith in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109096">gh-109096</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/mimetypes.html#module-mimetypes" title="mimetypes: Mapping of filename extensions to MIME types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mimetypes</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-soft-deprecated"><span class="xref std std-term">Soft-deprecate</span></a> file path arguments
|
||
to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mimetypes.html#mimetypes.guess_type" title="mimetypes.guess_type"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">guess_type()</span></code></a>,
|
||
use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/mimetypes.html#mimetypes.guess_file_type" title="mimetypes.guess_file_type"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">guess_file_type()</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/66543">gh-66543</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/re.html#module-re" title="re: Regular expression operations."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate passing the optional <em>maxsplit</em>, <em>count</em>, or <em>flags</em> arguments
|
||
as positional arguments to the module-level
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/re.html#re.split" title="re.split"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">split()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/re.html#re.sub" title="re.sub"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sub()</span></code></a>, and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/re.html#re.subn" title="re.subn"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">subn()</span></code></a> functions.
|
||
These parameters will become <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#keyword-only-parameter"><span class="std std-ref">keyword-only</span></a>
|
||
in a future version of Python.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/56166">gh-56166</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#module-pathlib" title="pathlib: Object-oriented filesystem paths"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathlib</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.PurePath.is_reserved" title="pathlib.PurePath.is_reserved"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PurePath.is_reserved()</span></code></a>,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.15.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.path.html#os.path.isreserved" title="os.path.isreserved"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.path.isreserved()</span></code></a> to detect reserved paths on Windows.
|
||
(Contributed by Barney Gale in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/88569">gh-88569</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/platform.html#module-platform" title="platform: Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">platform</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate <a class="reference internal" href="../library/platform.html#platform.java_ver" title="platform.java_ver"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">java_ver()</span></code></a>,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.15.
|
||
This function is only useful for Jython support, has a confusing API,
|
||
and is largely untested.
|
||
(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116349">gh-116349</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pydoc.html#module-pydoc" title="pydoc: Documentation generator and online help system."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pydoc</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the undocumented <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ispackage()</span></code> function.
|
||
(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/64020">gh-64020</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#module-sqlite3" title="sqlite3: A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlite3</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate passing more than one positional argument to
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.connect" title="sqlite3.connect"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connect()</span></code></a> function
|
||
and the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection" title="sqlite3.Connection"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Connection</span></code></a> constructor.
|
||
The remaining parameters will become keyword-only in Python 3.15.
|
||
(Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107948">gh-107948</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate passing name, number of arguments, and the callable as keyword
|
||
arguments for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.create_function" title="sqlite3.Connection.create_function"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Connection.create_function()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.create_aggregate" title="sqlite3.Connection.create_aggregate"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Connection.create_aggregate()</span></code></a>
|
||
These parameters will become positional-only in Python 3.15.
|
||
(Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108278">gh-108278</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate passing the callback callable by keyword for the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.set_authorizer" title="sqlite3.Connection.set_authorizer"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_authorizer()</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.set_progress_handler" title="sqlite3.Connection.set_progress_handler"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_progress_handler()</span></code></a>, and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.set_trace_callback" title="sqlite3.Connection.set_trace_callback"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_trace_callback()</span></code></a>
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection" title="sqlite3.Connection"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Connection</span></code></a> methods.
|
||
The callback callables will become positional-only in Python 3.15.
|
||
(Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108278">gh-108278</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding" title="sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_enablelegacywindowsfsencoding()</span></code></a> function,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.16.
|
||
Use the <span class="target" id="index-47"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING</span></code></a> environment variable instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Inada Naoki in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/73427">gh-73427</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/tarfile.html#module-tarfile" title="tarfile: Read and write tar-format archive files."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tarfile</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the undocumented and unused <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TarFile.tarfile</span></code> attribute,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.16.
|
||
(Contributed in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115256">gh-115256</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/traceback.html#module-traceback" title="traceback: Print or retrieve a stack traceback."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">traceback</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/traceback.html#traceback.TracebackException.exc_type" title="traceback.TracebackException.exc_type"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TracebackException.exc_type</span></code></a> attribute.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/traceback.html#traceback.TracebackException.exc_type_str" title="traceback.TracebackException.exc_type_str"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TracebackException.exc_type_str</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112332">gh-112332</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the undocumented keyword argument syntax for creating
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.NamedTuple" title="typing.NamedTuple"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedTuple</span></code></a> classes
|
||
(e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Point</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">NamedTuple("Point",</span> <span class="pre">x=int,</span> <span class="pre">y=int)</span></code>),
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.15.
|
||
Use the class-based syntax or the functional syntax instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Alex Waygood in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105566">gh-105566</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate omitting the <em>fields</em> parameter when creating
|
||
a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.NamedTuple" title="typing.NamedTuple"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedTuple</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.TypedDict" title="typing.TypedDict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.TypedDict</span></code></a> class,
|
||
and deprecate passing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> to the <em>fields</em> parameter of both types.
|
||
Python 3.15 will require a valid sequence for the <em>fields</em> parameter.
|
||
To create a NamedTuple class with zero fields,
|
||
use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">class</span> <span class="pre">NT(NamedTuple):</span> <span class="pre">pass</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NT</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">NamedTuple("NT",</span> <span class="pre">())</span></code>.
|
||
To create a TypedDict class with zero fields,
|
||
use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">class</span> <span class="pre">TD(TypedDict):</span> <span class="pre">pass</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TD</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">TypedDict("TD",</span> <span class="pre">{})</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Alex Waygood in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105566">gh-105566</a> and <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105570">gh-105570</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.no_type_check_decorator" title="typing.no_type_check_decorator"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.no_type_check_decorator()</span></code></a> decorator function,
|
||
to be removed in in Python 3.15.
|
||
After eight years in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a> module,
|
||
it has yet to be supported by any major type checker.
|
||
(Contributed by Alex Waygood in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106309">gh-106309</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.AnyStr" title="typing.AnyStr"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.AnyStr</span></code></a>.
|
||
In Python 3.16, it will be removed from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.__all__</span></code>,
|
||
and a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a> will be emitted at runtime
|
||
when it is imported or accessed.
|
||
It will be removed entirely in Python 3.18.
|
||
Use the new <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#type-params"><span class="std std-ref">type parameter syntax</span></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Michael The in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107116">gh-107116</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#module-wave" title="wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_read.getmark" title="wave.Wave_read.getmark"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getmark()</span></code></a>, <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setmark()</span></code>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_read.getmarkers" title="wave.Wave_read.getmarkers"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getmarkers()</span></code></a> methods of
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_read" title="wave.Wave_read"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_read</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_write" title="wave.Wave_write"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_write</span></code></a> classes,
|
||
to be removed in Python 3.15.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105096">gh-105096</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<section id="pending-removal-in-python-3-14">
|
||
<h3>Pending Removal in Python 3.14<a class="headerlink" href="#pending-removal-in-python-3-14" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a>: The <em>type</em>, <em>choices</em>, and <em>metavar</em> parameters
|
||
of <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse.BooleanOptionalAction</span></code> are deprecated
|
||
and will be removed in 3.14.
|
||
(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/92248">gh-92248</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#module-ast" title="ast: Abstract Syntax Tree classes and manipulation."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast</span></code></a>: The following features have been deprecated in documentation
|
||
since Python 3.8, now cause a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a> to be emitted at
|
||
runtime when they are accessed or used, and will be removed in Python 3.14:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.Num</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.Str</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.Bytes</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.NameConstant</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.Ellipsis</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ast.html#ast.Constant" title="ast.Constant"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ast.Constant</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/90953">gh-90953</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio.html#module-asyncio" title="asyncio: Asynchronous I/O."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The child watcher classes <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.MultiLoopChildWatcher" title="asyncio.MultiLoopChildWatcher"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MultiLoopChildWatcher</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.FastChildWatcher" title="asyncio.FastChildWatcher"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FastChildWatcher</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.AbstractChildWatcher" title="asyncio.AbstractChildWatcher"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AbstractChildWatcher</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.SafeChildWatcher" title="asyncio.SafeChildWatcher"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SafeChildWatcher</span></code></a> are deprecated and
|
||
will be removed in Python 3.14.
|
||
(Contributed by Kumar Aditya in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/94597">gh-94597</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.set_child_watcher" title="asyncio.set_child_watcher"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.set_child_watcher()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.get_child_watcher" title="asyncio.get_child_watcher"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.get_child_watcher()</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.set_child_watcher" title="asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.set_child_watcher"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.set_child_watcher()</span></code></a> and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-policy.html#asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.get_child_watcher" title="asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.get_child_watcher"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy.get_child_watcher()</span></code></a> are deprecated
|
||
and will be removed in Python 3.14.
|
||
(Contributed by Kumar Aditya in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/94597">gh-94597</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio-eventloop.html#asyncio.get_event_loop" title="asyncio.get_event_loop"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_event_loop()</span></code></a> method of the
|
||
default event loop policy now emits a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a> if there
|
||
is no current event loop set and it decides to create one.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka and Guido van Rossum in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/100160">gh-100160</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/collections.abc.html#module-collections.abc" title="collections.abc: Abstract base classes for containers"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">collections.abc</span></code></a>: Deprecated <a class="reference internal" href="../library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.ByteString" title="collections.abc.ByteString"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ByteString</span></code></a>.
|
||
Prefer <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Sequence</span></code> or <a class="reference internal" href="../library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Buffer" title="collections.abc.Buffer"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Buffer</span></code></a>.
|
||
For use in typing, prefer a union, like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span> <span class="pre">|</span> <span class="pre">bytearray</span></code>,
|
||
or <a class="reference internal" href="../library/collections.abc.html#collections.abc.Buffer" title="collections.abc.Buffer"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">collections.abc.Buffer</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Shantanu Jain in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/91896">gh-91896</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.html#module-email" title="email: Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating email messages."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email</span></code></a>: Deprecated the <em>isdst</em> parameter in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/email.utils.html#email.utils.localtime" title="email.utils.localtime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.utils.localtime()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Alan Williams in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/72346">gh-72346</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#module-importlib.abc" title="importlib.abc: Abstract base classes related to import"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.abc</span></code></a> deprecated classes:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.abc.ResourceReader</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.abc.Traversable</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.abc.TraversableResources</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.abc.html#module-importlib.resources.abc" title="importlib.resources.abc: Abstract base classes for resources"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.resources.abc</span></code></a> classes instead:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.abc.html#importlib.resources.abc.Traversable" title="importlib.resources.abc.Traversable"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.resources.abc.Traversable</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.resources.abc.html#importlib.resources.abc.TraversableResources" title="importlib.resources.abc.TraversableResources"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.resources.abc.TraversableResources</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Jason R. Coombs and Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/93963">gh-93963</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/itertools.html#module-itertools" title="itertools: Functions creating iterators for efficient looping."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">itertools</span></code></a> had undocumented, inefficient, historically buggy,
|
||
and inconsistent support for copy, deepcopy, and pickle operations.
|
||
This will be removed in 3.14 for a significant reduction in code
|
||
volume and maintenance burden.
|
||
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/101588">gh-101588</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/multiprocessing.html#module-multiprocessing" title="multiprocessing: Process-based parallelism."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">multiprocessing</span></code></a>: The default start method will change to a safer one on
|
||
Linux, BSDs, and other non-macOS POSIX platforms where <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'fork'</span></code> is currently
|
||
the default (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/84559">gh-84559</a>). Adding a runtime warning about this was deemed too
|
||
disruptive as the majority of code is not expected to care. Use the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing.get_context" title="multiprocessing.get_context"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_context()</span></code></a> or
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing.set_start_method" title="multiprocessing.set_start_method"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_start_method()</span></code></a> APIs to explicitly specify when
|
||
your code <em>requires</em> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'fork'</span></code>. See <a class="reference internal" href="../library/multiprocessing.html#multiprocessing-start-methods"><span class="std std-ref">Contexts and start methods</span></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#module-pathlib" title="pathlib: Object-oriented filesystem paths"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathlib</span></code></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.PurePath.is_relative_to" title="pathlib.PurePath.is_relative_to"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is_relative_to()</span></code></a> and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.PurePath.relative_to" title="pathlib.PurePath.relative_to"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">relative_to()</span></code></a>: passing additional arguments is
|
||
deprecated.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pkgutil.html#module-pkgutil" title="pkgutil: Utilities for the import system."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkgutil</span></code></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pkgutil.html#pkgutil.find_loader" title="pkgutil.find_loader"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">find_loader()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pkgutil.html#pkgutil.get_loader" title="pkgutil.get_loader"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_loader()</span></code></a>
|
||
now raise <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a>;
|
||
use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#importlib.util.find_spec" title="importlib.util.find_spec"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.util.find_spec()</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/97850">gh-97850</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pty.html#module-pty" title="pty: Pseudo-Terminal Handling for Unix. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pty</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">master_open()</span></code>: use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pty.html#pty.openpty" title="pty.openpty"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pty.openpty()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">slave_open()</span></code>: use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pty.html#pty.openpty" title="pty.openpty"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pty.openpty()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#module-sqlite3" title="sqlite3: A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlite3</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.version" title="sqlite3.version"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">version</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.version_info" title="sqlite3.version_info"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">version_info</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Cursor.execute" title="sqlite3.Cursor.execute"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">execute()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Cursor.executemany" title="sqlite3.Cursor.executemany"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">executemany()</span></code></a>
|
||
if <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3-placeholders"><span class="std std-ref">named placeholders</span></a> are used and
|
||
<em>parameters</em> is a sequence instead of a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.ByteString" title="typing.ByteString"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ByteString</span></code></a>, deprecated since Python 3.9,
|
||
now causes a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a> to be emitted when it is used.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.html#module-urllib" title="urllib"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib</span></code></a>:
|
||
<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib.parse.Quoter</span></code> is deprecated: it was not intended to be a
|
||
public API.
|
||
(Contributed by Gregory P. Smith in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/88168">gh-88168</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="pending-removal-in-python-3-15">
|
||
<h3>Pending Removal in Python 3.15<a class="headerlink" href="#pending-removal-in-python-3-15" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The import system:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Setting <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#module.__cached__" title="module.__cached__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__cached__</span></code></a> on a module while
|
||
failing to set <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec.cached" title="importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec.cached"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__spec__.cached</span></code></a>
|
||
is deprecated. In Python 3.15, <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__cached__</span></code> will cease to be set or
|
||
take into consideration by the import system or standard library. (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/97879">gh-97879</a>)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Setting <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#module.__package__" title="module.__package__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__package__</span></code></a> on a module while
|
||
failing to set <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec.parent" title="importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec.parent"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__spec__.parent</span></code></a>
|
||
is deprecated. In Python 3.15, <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__package__</span></code> will cease to be set or
|
||
take into consideration by the import system or standard library. (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/97879">gh-97879</a>)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ctypes.html#module-ctypes" title="ctypes: A foreign function library for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ctypes</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The undocumented <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ctypes.SetPointerType()</span></code> function
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.13.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/http.server.html#module-http.server" title="http.server: HTTP server and request handlers."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">http.server</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The obsolete and rarely used <a class="reference internal" href="../library/http.server.html#http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler" title="http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CGIHTTPRequestHandler</span></code></a>
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.13.
|
||
No direct replacement exists.
|
||
<em>Anything</em> is better than CGI to interface
|
||
a web server with a request handler.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--cgi</span></code> flag to the <strong class="program">python -m http.server</strong>
|
||
command-line interface has been deprecated since Python 3.13.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#module-importlib" title="importlib: The implementation of the import machinery."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">load_module()</span></code> method: use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec_module()</span></code> instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/locale.html#module-locale" title="locale: Internationalization services."><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locale</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/locale.html#locale.getdefaultlocale" title="locale.getdefaultlocale"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getdefaultlocale()</span></code></a> function
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.11.
|
||
Its removal was originally planned for Python 3.13 (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/90817">gh-90817</a>),
|
||
but has been postponed to Python 3.15.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/locale.html#locale.getlocale" title="locale.getlocale"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getlocale()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/locale.html#locale.setlocale" title="locale.setlocale"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setlocale()</span></code></a>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/locale.html#locale.getencoding" title="locale.getencoding"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getencoding()</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111187">gh-111187</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#module-pathlib" title="pathlib: Object-oriented filesystem paths"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathlib</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.PurePath.is_reserved" title="pathlib.PurePath.is_reserved"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PurePath.is_reserved()</span></code></a>
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.13.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.path.html#os.path.isreserved" title="os.path.isreserved"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.path.isreserved()</span></code></a> to detect reserved paths on Windows.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/platform.html#module-platform" title="platform: Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">platform</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/platform.html#platform.java_ver" title="platform.java_ver"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">java_ver()</span></code></a> has been deprecated since Python 3.13.
|
||
This function is only useful for Jython support, has a confusing API,
|
||
and is largely untested.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sysconfig.html#module-sysconfig" title="sysconfig: Python's configuration information"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysconfig</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <em>check_home</em> argument of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sysconfig.html#sysconfig.is_python_build" title="sysconfig.is_python_build"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysconfig.is_python_build()</span></code></a> has been
|
||
deprecated since Python 3.12.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#module-threading" title="threading: Thread-based parallelism."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.RLock" title="threading.RLock"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RLock()</span></code></a> will take no arguments in Python 3.15.
|
||
Passing any arguments has been deprecated since Python 3.14,
|
||
as the Python version does not permit any arguments,
|
||
but the C version allows any number of positional or keyword arguments,
|
||
ignoring every argument.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/types.html#module-types" title="types: Names for built-in types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/types.html#types.CodeType" title="types.CodeType"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types.CodeType</span></code></a>: Accessing <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#codeobject.co_lnotab" title="codeobject.co_lnotab"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">co_lnotab</span></code></a> was
|
||
deprecated in <span class="target" id="index-48"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0626/"><strong>PEP 626</strong></a>
|
||
since 3.10 and was planned to be removed in 3.12,
|
||
but it only got a proper <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#DeprecationWarning" title="DeprecationWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DeprecationWarning</span></code></a> in 3.12.
|
||
May be removed in 3.15.
|
||
(Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/101866">gh-101866</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The undocumented keyword argument syntax for creating
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.NamedTuple" title="typing.NamedTuple"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedTuple</span></code></a> classes
|
||
(e.g. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Point</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">NamedTuple("Point",</span> <span class="pre">x=int,</span> <span class="pre">y=int)</span></code>)
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.13.
|
||
Use the class-based syntax or the functional syntax instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.no_type_check_decorator" title="typing.no_type_check_decorator"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.no_type_check_decorator()</span></code></a> decorator function
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.13.
|
||
After eight years in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#module-typing" title="typing: Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing</span></code></a> module,
|
||
it has yet to be supported by any major type checker.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#module-wave" title="wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wave</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_read.getmark" title="wave.Wave_read.getmark"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getmark()</span></code></a>, <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setmark()</span></code>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_read.getmarkers" title="wave.Wave_read.getmarkers"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getmarkers()</span></code></a> methods of
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_read" title="wave.Wave_read"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_read</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/wave.html#wave.Wave_write" title="wave.Wave_write"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Wave_write</span></code></a> classes
|
||
have been deprecated since Python 3.13.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="pending-removal-in-python-3-16">
|
||
<h3>Pending removal in Python 3.16<a class="headerlink" href="#pending-removal-in-python-3-16" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The import system:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Setting <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#module.__loader__" title="module.__loader__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__loader__</span></code></a> on a module while
|
||
failing to set <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec.loader" title="importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec.loader"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__spec__.loader</span></code></a>
|
||
is deprecated. In Python 3.16, <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__loader__</span></code> will cease to be set or
|
||
taken into consideration by the import system or the standard library.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/array.html#module-array" title="array: Space efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">array</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'u'</span></code> format code (<code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wchar_t</span></code>)
|
||
has been deprecated in documentation since Python 3.3
|
||
and at runtime since Python 3.13.
|
||
Use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'w'</span></code> format code (<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/unicode.html#c.Py_UCS4" title="Py_UCS4"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UCS4</span></code></a>)
|
||
for Unicode characters instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/asyncio.html#module-asyncio" title="asyncio: Asynchronous I/O."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">asyncio.iscoroutinefunction()</span></code> is deprecated
|
||
and will be removed in Python 3.16,
|
||
use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/inspect.html#inspect.iscoroutinefunction" title="inspect.iscoroutinefunction"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">inspect.iscoroutinefunction()</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(Contributed by Jiahao Li and Kumar Aditya in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/122875">gh-122875</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/builtins.html#module-builtins" title="builtins: The module that provides the built-in namespace."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Bitwise inversion on boolean types, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~True</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~False</span></code>
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.12,
|
||
as it produces surprising and unintuitive results (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-2</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>).
|
||
Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">not</span> <span class="pre">x</span></code> instead for the logical negation of a Boolean.
|
||
In the rare case that you need the bitwise inversion of
|
||
the underlying integer, convert to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> explicitly (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~int(x)</span></code>).</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/shutil.html#module-shutil" title="shutil: High-level file operations, including copying."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">shutil</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ExecError</span></code> exception
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.14.
|
||
It has not been used by any function in <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">shutil</span></code> since Python 3.4,
|
||
and is now an alias of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#RuntimeError" title="RuntimeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RuntimeError</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/symtable.html#module-symtable" title="symtable: Interface to the compiler's internal symbol tables."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">symtable</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/symtable.html#symtable.Class.get_methods" title="symtable.Class.get_methods"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Class.get_methods</span></code></a> method
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.14.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding" title="sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_enablelegacywindowsfsencoding()</span></code></a> function
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.13.
|
||
Use the <span class="target" id="index-49"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING</span></code></a> environment variable instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/tarfile.html#module-tarfile" title="tarfile: Read and write tar-format archive files."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tarfile</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The undocumented and unused <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TarFile.tarfile</span></code> attribute
|
||
has been deprecated since Python 3.13.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="pending-removal-in-future-versions">
|
||
<h3>Pending Removal in Future Versions<a class="headerlink" href="#pending-removal-in-future-versions" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The following APIs will be removed in the future,
|
||
although there is currently no date scheduled for their removal.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a>: Nesting argument groups and nesting mutually exclusive
|
||
groups are deprecated.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/array.html#module-array" title="array: Space efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">array</span></code></a>’s <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'u'</span></code> format code (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/57281">gh-57281</a>)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/builtins.html#module-builtins" title="builtins: The module that provides the built-in namespace."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">builtins</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bool(NotImplemented)</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Generators: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">throw(type,</span> <span class="pre">exc,</span> <span class="pre">tb)</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">athrow(type,</span> <span class="pre">exc,</span> <span class="pre">tb)</span></code>
|
||
signature is deprecated: use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">throw(exc)</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">athrow(exc)</span></code> instead,
|
||
the single argument signature.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Currently Python accepts numeric literals immediately followed by keywords,
|
||
for example <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0in</span> <span class="pre">x</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1or</span> <span class="pre">x</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0if</span> <span class="pre">1else</span> <span class="pre">2</span></code>. It allows confusing and
|
||
ambiguous expressions like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[0x1for</span> <span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">in</span> <span class="pre">y]</span></code> (which can be interpreted as
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[0x1</span> <span class="pre">for</span> <span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">in</span> <span class="pre">y]</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[0x1f</span> <span class="pre">or</span> <span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">in</span> <span class="pre">y]</span></code>). A syntax warning is raised
|
||
if the numeric literal is immediately followed by one of keywords
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#and"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">and</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#else"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">else</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#for"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">for</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#if"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">if</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#in"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">in</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#is"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/expressions.html#or"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">or</span></code></a>. In a future release it
|
||
will be changed to a syntax error. (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/87999">gh-87999</a>)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Support for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__index__()</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__int__()</span></code> method returning non-int type:
|
||
these methods will be required to return an instance of a strict subclass of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Support for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__float__()</span></code> method returning a strict subclass of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#float" title="float"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">float</span></code></a>: these methods will be required to return an instance of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#float" title="float"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">float</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Support for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__complex__()</span></code> method returning a strict subclass of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#complex" title="complex"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">complex</span></code></a>: these methods will be required to return an instance of
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#complex" title="complex"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">complex</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Delegation of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int()</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__trunc__()</span></code> method.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Passing a complex number as the <em>real</em> or <em>imag</em> argument in the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#complex" title="complex"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">complex()</span></code></a> constructor is now deprecated; it should only be passed
|
||
as a single positional argument.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109218">gh-109218</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/calendar.html#module-calendar" title="calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar</span></code></a>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar.January</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar.February</span></code> constants are
|
||
deprecated and replaced by <a class="reference internal" href="../library/calendar.html#calendar.JANUARY" title="calendar.JANUARY"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar.JANUARY</span></code></a> and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/calendar.html#calendar.FEBRUARY" title="calendar.FEBRUARY"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">calendar.FEBRUARY</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Prince Roshan in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/103636">gh-103636</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#codeobject.co_lnotab" title="codeobject.co_lnotab"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">codeobject.co_lnotab</span></code></a>: use the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#codeobject.co_lines" title="codeobject.co_lines"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">codeobject.co_lines()</span></code></a> method
|
||
instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/datetime.html#module-datetime" title="datetime: Basic date and time types."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime.utcnow" title="datetime.datetime.utcnow"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">utcnow()</span></code></a>:
|
||
use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.UTC)</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp" title="datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">utcfromtimestamp()</span></code></a>:
|
||
use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp,</span> <span class="pre">tz=datetime.UTC)</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/gettext.html#module-gettext" title="gettext: Multilingual internationalization services."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gettext</span></code></a>: Plural value must be an integer.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#module-importlib" title="importlib: The implementation of the import machinery."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#importlib.util.cache_from_source" title="importlib.util.cache_from_source"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cache_from_source()</span></code></a> <em>debug_override</em> parameter is
|
||
deprecated: use the <em>optimization</em> parameter instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.metadata.html#module-importlib.metadata" title="importlib.metadata: Accessing package metadata"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib.metadata</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">EntryPoints</span></code> tuple interface.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Implicit <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> on return values.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/logging.html#module-logging" title="logging: Flexible event logging system for applications."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">logging</span></code></a>: the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warn()</span></code> method has been deprecated
|
||
since Python 3.3, use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/logging.html#logging.warning" title="logging.warning"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warning()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/mailbox.html#module-mailbox" title="mailbox: Manipulate mailboxes in various formats"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mailbox</span></code></a>: Use of StringIO input and text mode is deprecated, use
|
||
BytesIO and binary mode instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#module-os" title="os: Miscellaneous operating system interfaces."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os</span></code></a>: Calling <a class="reference internal" href="../library/os.html#os.register_at_fork" title="os.register_at_fork"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.register_at_fork()</span></code></a> in multi-threaded process.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pydoc.ErrorDuringImport</span></code>: A tuple value for <em>exc_info</em> parameter is
|
||
deprecated, use an exception instance.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/re.html#module-re" title="re: Regular expression operations."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">re</span></code></a>: More strict rules are now applied for numerical group references
|
||
and group names in regular expressions. Only sequence of ASCII digits is now
|
||
accepted as a numerical reference. The group name in bytes patterns and
|
||
replacement strings can now only contain ASCII letters and digits and
|
||
underscore.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/91760">gh-91760</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sre_compile</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sre_constants</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sre_parse</span></code> modules.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/shutil.html#module-shutil" title="shutil: High-level file operations, including copying."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">shutil</span></code></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/shutil.html#shutil.rmtree" title="shutil.rmtree"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rmtree()</span></code></a>’s <em>onerror</em> parameter is deprecated in
|
||
Python 3.12; use the <em>onexc</em> parameter instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#module-ssl" title="ssl: TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl</span></code></a> options and protocols:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext" title="ssl.SSLContext"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.SSLContext</span></code></a> without protocol argument is deprecated.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext" title="ssl.SSLContext"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.SSLContext</span></code></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/ssl.html#ssl.SSLContext.set_npn_protocols" title="ssl.SSLContext.set_npn_protocols"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_npn_protocols()</span></code></a> and
|
||
<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">selected_npn_protocol()</span></code> are deprecated: use ALPN
|
||
instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.OP_NO_SSL*</span></code> options</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.OP_NO_TLS*</span></code> options</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv3</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.TLSVersion.SSLv3</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_1</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#module-threading" title="threading: Thread-based parallelism."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading</span></code></a> methods:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Condition.notifyAll()</span></code>: use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.Condition.notify_all" title="threading.Condition.notify_all"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">notify_all()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Event.isSet()</span></code>: use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.Event.is_set" title="threading.Event.is_set"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is_set()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Thread.isDaemon()</span></code>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.Thread.setDaemon" title="threading.Thread.setDaemon"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Thread.setDaemon()</span></code></a>:
|
||
use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.Thread.daemon" title="threading.Thread.daemon"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Thread.daemon</span></code></a> attribute.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Thread.getName()</span></code>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.Thread.setName" title="threading.Thread.setName"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Thread.setName()</span></code></a>:
|
||
use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.Thread.name" title="threading.Thread.name"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.Thread.name</span></code></a> attribute.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.currentThread()</span></code>: use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.current_thread" title="threading.current_thread"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.current_thread()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.activeCount()</span></code>: use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#threading.active_count" title="threading.active_count"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading.active_count()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/typing.html#typing.Text" title="typing.Text"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typing.Text</span></code></a> (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/92332">gh-92332</a>).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/unittest.html#unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase" title="unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase</span></code></a>: it is deprecated to return a value
|
||
that is not <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> from a test case.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.parse.html#module-urllib.parse" title="urllib.parse: Parse URLs into or assemble them from components."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib.parse</span></code></a> deprecated functions: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.parse.html#urllib.parse.urlparse" title="urllib.parse.urlparse"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urlparse()</span></code></a> instead</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splitattr()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splithost()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splitnport()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splitpasswd()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splitport()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splitquery()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splittag()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splittype()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splituser()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">splitvalue()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">to_bytes()</span></code></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.request.html#module-urllib.request" title="urllib.request: Extensible library for opening URLs."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urllib.request</span></code></a>: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.request.html#urllib.request.URLopener" title="urllib.request.URLopener"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">URLopener</span></code></a> and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.request.html#urllib.request.FancyURLopener" title="urllib.request.FancyURLopener"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FancyURLopener</span></code></a> style of invoking requests is
|
||
deprecated. Use newer <a class="reference internal" href="../library/urllib.request.html#urllib.request.urlopen" title="urllib.request.urlopen"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">urlopen()</span></code></a> functions and methods.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref" title="wsgiref: WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wsgiref</span></code></a>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SimpleHandler.stdout.write()</span></code> should not do partial
|
||
writes.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#module-xml.etree.ElementTree" title="xml.etree.ElementTree: Implementation of the ElementTree API."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.etree.ElementTree</span></code></a>: Testing the truth value of an
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#xml.etree.ElementTree.Element" title="xml.etree.ElementTree.Element"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code></a> is deprecated. In a future release it
|
||
will always return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>. Prefer explicit <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">len(elem)</span></code> or
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">elem</span> <span class="pre">is</span> <span class="pre">not</span> <span class="pre">None</span></code> tests instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/zipimport.html#zipimport.zipimporter.load_module" title="zipimport.zipimporter.load_module"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zipimport.zipimporter.load_module()</span></code></a> is deprecated:
|
||
use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zipimport.html#zipimport.zipimporter.exec_module" title="zipimport.zipimporter.exec_module"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec_module()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="cpython-bytecode-changes">
|
||
<h2>CPython Bytecode Changes<a class="headerlink" href="#cpython-bytecode-changes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The oparg of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#opcode-YIELD_VALUE"><code class="xref std std-opcode docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">YIELD_VALUE</span></code></a> is now
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> if the yield is part of a yield-from or await, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> otherwise.
|
||
The oparg of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/dis.html#opcode-RESUME"><code class="xref std std-opcode docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RESUME</span></code></a> was changed to add a bit indicating
|
||
if the except-depth is 1, which is needed to optimize closing of generators.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111354">gh-111354</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="c-api-changes">
|
||
<h2>C API Changes<a class="headerlink" href="#c-api-changes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<section id="id7">
|
||
<h3>New Features<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c-api-monitoring"><span class="std std-ref">PyMonitoring C API</span></a>
|
||
for generating <span class="target" id="index-50"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0669/"><strong>PEP 669</strong></a> monitoring events:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoringState" title="PyMonitoringState"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoringState</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FirePyStartEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FirePyStartEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FirePyStartEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FirePyResumeEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FirePyResumeEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FirePyResumeEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FirePyReturnEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FirePyReturnEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FirePyReturnEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FirePyYieldEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FirePyYieldEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FirePyYieldEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireCallEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireCallEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireCallEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireLineEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireLineEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireLineEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireJumpEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireJumpEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireJumpEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireBranchEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireBranchEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireBranchEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireCReturnEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireCReturnEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireCReturnEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FirePyThrowEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FirePyThrowEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FirePyThrowEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireRaiseEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireRaiseEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireRaiseEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireCRaiseEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireCRaiseEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireCRaiseEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireReraiseEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireReraiseEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireReraiseEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireExceptionHandledEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireExceptionHandledEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireExceptionHandledEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FirePyUnwindEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FirePyUnwindEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FirePyUnwindEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_FireStopIterationEvent" title="PyMonitoring_FireStopIterationEvent"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_FireStopIterationEvent()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_EnterScope" title="PyMonitoring_EnterScope"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_EnterScope()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/monitoring.html#c.PyMonitoring_ExitScope" title="PyMonitoring_ExitScope"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMonitoring_ExitScope()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111997">gh-111997</a>).</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyMutex" title="PyMutex"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMutex</span></code></a>, a lightweight mutex that occupies a single byte,
|
||
and the new <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyMutex_Lock" title="PyMutex_Lock"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMutex_Lock()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyMutex_Unlock" title="PyMutex_Unlock"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMutex_Unlock()</span></code></a> functions.
|
||
<code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMutex_Lock()</span></code> will release the <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-GIL"><span class="xref std std-term">GIL</span></a> (if currently held)
|
||
if the operation needs to block.
|
||
(Contributed by Sam Gross in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108724">gh-108724</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c-api-time"><span class="std std-ref">PyTime C API</span></a> to provide access to system clocks:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_t" title="PyTime_t"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_t</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_MIN" title="PyTime_MIN"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_MIN</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_MAX" title="PyTime_MAX"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_MAX</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_AsSecondsDouble" title="PyTime_AsSecondsDouble"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_AsSecondsDouble()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_Monotonic" title="PyTime_Monotonic"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_Monotonic()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_MonotonicRaw" title="PyTime_MonotonicRaw"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_MonotonicRaw()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_PerfCounter" title="PyTime_PerfCounter"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_PerfCounter()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_PerfCounterRaw" title="PyTime_PerfCounterRaw"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_PerfCounterRaw()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_Time" title="PyTime_Time"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_Time()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_TimeRaw" title="PyTime_TimeRaw"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_TimeRaw()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Victor Stinner and Petr Viktorin in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/110850">gh-110850</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_ContainsString" title="PyDict_ContainsString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_ContainsString()</span></code></a> function
|
||
with the same behavior as <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_Contains" title="PyDict_Contains"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_Contains()</span></code></a>,
|
||
but <em>key</em> is specified as a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">*</span></span> UTF-8 encoded bytes string,
|
||
rather than a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><span class="n">PyObject</span></a><span class="p">*</span></span>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108314">gh-108314</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_GetItemRef" title="PyDict_GetItemRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_GetItemRef()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_GetItemStringRef" title="PyDict_GetItemStringRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_GetItemStringRef()</span></code></a>
|
||
functions,
|
||
which behave similarly to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_GetItemWithError" title="PyDict_GetItemWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_GetItemWithError()</span></code></a>,
|
||
but return a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong reference</span></a> instead of a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a>.
|
||
Moreover, these functions return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> on error,
|
||
removing the need to check <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Occurred()</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106004">gh-106004</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_SetDefaultRef" title="PyDict_SetDefaultRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_SetDefaultRef()</span></code></a> function,
|
||
which behaves similarly to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_SetDefault" title="PyDict_SetDefault"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_SetDefault()</span></code></a>,
|
||
but returns a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong reference</span></a> instead of a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a>.
|
||
This function returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> on error,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> on insertion,
|
||
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> if the key was already present in the dictionary.
|
||
(Contributed by Sam Gross in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112066">gh-112066</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_Pop" title="PyDict_Pop"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_Pop()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_PopString" title="PyDict_PopString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_PopString()</span></code></a> functions
|
||
to remove a key from a dictionary and optionally return the removed value.
|
||
This is similar to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#dict.pop" title="dict.pop"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict.pop()</span></code></a>,
|
||
though there is no default value,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KeyError</span></code></a> is not raised for missing keys.
|
||
(Contributed by Stefan Behnel and Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111262">gh-111262</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItem" title="PyMapping_GetOptionalItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_GetOptionalItem()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString" title="PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_GetOptionalItemString()</span></code></a> functions
|
||
as alternatives to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_GetItem" title="PyObject_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetItem()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_GetItemString" title="PyMapping_GetItemString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_GetItemString()</span></code></a> respectively.
|
||
The new functions do not raise <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KeyError</span></code></a>
|
||
if the requested key is missing from the mapping.
|
||
These variants are more convenient and faster
|
||
if a missing key should not be treated as a failure.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106307">gh-106307</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_GetOptionalAttr" title="PyObject_GetOptionalAttr"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetOptionalAttr()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_GetOptionalAttrString" title="PyObject_GetOptionalAttrString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetOptionalAttrString()</span></code></a> functions
|
||
as alternatives to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_GetAttr" title="PyObject_GetAttr"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetAttr()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_GetAttrString" title="PyObject_GetAttrString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetAttrString()</span></code></a> respectively.
|
||
The new functions do not raise <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#AttributeError" title="AttributeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AttributeError</span></code></a>
|
||
if the requested attribute is not found on the object.
|
||
These variants are more convenient and faster
|
||
if the missing attribute should not be treated as a failure.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106521">gh-106521</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_FormatUnraisable" title="PyErr_FormatUnraisable"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_FormatUnraisable()</span></code></a> function
|
||
as an extension to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_WriteUnraisable" title="PyErr_WriteUnraisable"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_WriteUnraisable()</span></code></a>
|
||
that allows customizing the warning message.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108082">gh-108082</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add new functions that return a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong reference</span></a> instead of
|
||
a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a> for frame locals, globals, and builtins,
|
||
as part of <a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-locals-semantics"><span class="std std-ref">PEP 667</span></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins" title="PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameBuiltins()</span></code></a> replaces <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetBuiltins" title="PyEval_GetBuiltins"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetBuiltins()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetFrameGlobals" title="PyEval_GetFrameGlobals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameGlobals()</span></code></a> replaces <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetGlobals" title="PyEval_GetGlobals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetGlobals()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetFrameLocals" title="PyEval_GetFrameLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameLocals()</span></code></a> replaces <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetLocals" title="PyEval_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetLocals()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Mark Shannon and Tian Gao in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/74929">gh-74929</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.Py_GetConstant" title="Py_GetConstant"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetConstant()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.Py_GetConstantBorrowed" title="Py_GetConstantBorrowed"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetConstantBorrowed()</span></code></a>
|
||
functions to get <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong</span></a>
|
||
or <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed</span></a> references to constants.
|
||
For example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetConstant(Py_CONSTANT_ZERO)</span></code> returns a strong reference
|
||
to the constant zero.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115754">gh-115754</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/import.html#c.PyImport_AddModuleRef" title="PyImport_AddModuleRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_AddModuleRef()</span></code></a> function
|
||
as a replacement for <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/import.html#c.PyImport_AddModule" title="PyImport_AddModule"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_AddModule()</span></code></a>
|
||
that returns a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong reference</span></a> instead of a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105922">gh-105922</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_IsFinalizing" title="Py_IsFinalizing"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_IsFinalizing()</span></code></a> function to check
|
||
whether the main Python interpreter is
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-interpreter-shutdown"><span class="xref std std-term">shutting down</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108014">gh-108014</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/list.html#c.PyList_GetItemRef" title="PyList_GetItemRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_GetItemRef()</span></code></a> function
|
||
as a replacement for <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/list.html#c.PyList_GetItem" title="PyList_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_GetItem()</span></code></a>
|
||
that returns a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong reference</span></a> instead of a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Sam Gross in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/114329">gh-114329</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/list.html#c.PyList_Extend" title="PyList_Extend"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_Extend()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/list.html#c.PyList_Clear" title="PyList_Clear"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_Clear()</span></code></a> functions,
|
||
mirroring the Python <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list.extend()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list.clear()</span></code> methods.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111138">gh-111138</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/long.html#c.PyLong_AsInt" title="PyLong_AsInt"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyLong_AsInt()</span></code></a> function.
|
||
It behaves similarly to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/long.html#c.PyLong_AsLong" title="PyLong_AsLong"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyLong_AsLong()</span></code></a>,
|
||
but stores the result in a C <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">int</span></span> instead of a C <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">long</span></span>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108014">gh-108014</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/long.html#c.PyLong_AsNativeBytes" title="PyLong_AsNativeBytes"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyLong_AsNativeBytes()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/long.html#c.PyLong_FromNativeBytes" title="PyLong_FromNativeBytes"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyLong_FromNativeBytes()</span></code></a>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/long.html#c.PyLong_FromUnsignedNativeBytes" title="PyLong_FromUnsignedNativeBytes"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyLong_FromUnsignedNativeBytes()</span></code></a> functions
|
||
to simplify converting between native integer types
|
||
and Python <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code></a> objects.
|
||
(Contributed by Steve Dower in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111140">gh-111140</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_Add" title="PyModule_Add"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_Add()</span></code></a> function, which is similar to
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_AddObjectRef" title="PyModule_AddObjectRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_AddObjectRef()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_AddObject" title="PyModule_AddObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_AddObject()</span></code></a>,
|
||
but always steals a reference to the value.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/86493">gh-86493</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/hash.html#c.PyObject_GenericHash" title="PyObject_GenericHash"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GenericHash()</span></code></a> function
|
||
that implements the default hashing function of a Python object.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113024">gh-113024</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/hash.html#c.Py_HashPointer" title="Py_HashPointer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_HashPointer()</span></code></a> function to hash a raw pointer.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111545">gh-111545</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_VisitManagedDict" title="PyObject_VisitManagedDict"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_VisitManagedDict()</span></code></a> and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_ClearManagedDict" title="PyObject_ClearManagedDict"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_ClearManagedDict()</span></code></a> functions.
|
||
which must be called by the traverse and clear functions of a type using
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/typeobj.html#c.Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT" title="Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TPFLAGS_MANAGED_DICT</span></code></a> flag.
|
||
The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat/">pythoncapi-compat project</a> can be used to
|
||
use these functions with Python 3.11 and 3.12.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/107073">gh-107073</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyRefTracer_SetTracer" title="PyRefTracer_SetTracer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRefTracer_SetTracer()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyRefTracer_GetTracer" title="PyRefTracer_GetTracer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyRefTracer_GetTracer()</span></code></a> functions,
|
||
which enable tracking object creation and destruction
|
||
in the same way that the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tracemalloc.html#module-tracemalloc" title="tracemalloc: Trace memory allocations."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tracemalloc</span></code></a> module does.
|
||
(Contributed by Pablo Galindo in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/93502">gh-93502</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PySys_AuditTuple" title="PySys_AuditTuple"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_AuditTuple()</span></code></a> function
|
||
as an alternative to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PySys_Audit" title="PySys_Audit"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_Audit()</span></code></a>
|
||
that takes event arguments as a Python <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="tuple"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tuple</span></code></a> object.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/85283">gh-85283</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThreadState_GetUnchecked" title="PyThreadState_GetUnchecked"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThreadState_GetUnchecked()</span></code></a> function
|
||
as an alternative to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThreadState_Get" title="PyThreadState_Get"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThreadState_Get()</span></code></a>
|
||
that doesn’t kill the process with a fatal error if it is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.
|
||
The caller is responsible for checking if the result is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108867">gh-108867</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/type.html#c.PyType_GetFullyQualifiedName" title="PyType_GetFullyQualifiedName"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyType_GetFullyQualifiedName()</span></code></a> function
|
||
to get the type’s fully qualified name.
|
||
The module name is prepended if <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#type.__module__" title="type.__module__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type.__module__</span></code></a> is
|
||
a string and is not equal to either <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'builtins'</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'__main__'</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111696">gh-111696</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/type.html#c.PyType_GetModuleName" title="PyType_GetModuleName"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyType_GetModuleName()</span></code></a> function
|
||
to get the type’s module name. This is equivalent to getting the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#type.__module__" title="type.__module__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type.__module__</span></code></a> attribute.
|
||
(Contributed by Eric Snow and Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111696">gh-111696</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/unicode.html#c.PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8AndSize" title="PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8AndSize"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8AndSize()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/unicode.html#c.PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8" title="PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_EqualToUTF8()</span></code></a> functions
|
||
to compare a Unicode object with a <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">*</span></span> UTF-8 encoded string
|
||
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> if they are equal or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> otherwise.
|
||
These functions do not raise exceptions.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/110289">gh-110289</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GetRef" title="PyWeakref_GetRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GetRef()</span></code></a> function
|
||
as an alternative to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GetObject" title="PyWeakref_GetObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GetObject()</span></code></a>
|
||
that returns a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong reference</span></a>
|
||
or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> if the referent is no longer live.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105927">gh-105927</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add fixed variants of functions which silently ignore errors:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_HasAttrWithError" title="PyObject_HasAttrWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_HasAttrWithError()</span></code></a> replaces <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_HasAttr" title="PyObject_HasAttr"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_HasAttr()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_HasAttrStringWithError" title="PyObject_HasAttrStringWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_HasAttrStringWithError()</span></code></a>
|
||
replaces <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_HasAttrString" title="PyObject_HasAttrString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_HasAttrString()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_HasKeyWithError" title="PyMapping_HasKeyWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_HasKeyWithError()</span></code></a> replaces <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_HasKey" title="PyMapping_HasKey"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_HasKey()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError" title="PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_HasKeyStringWithError()</span></code></a>
|
||
replaces <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_HasKeyString" title="PyMapping_HasKeyString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_HasKeyString()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>The new functions return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> for errors
|
||
and the standard <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> for true and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> for false.</p>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108511">gh-108511</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="changed-c-apis">
|
||
<h3>Changed C APIs<a class="headerlink" href="#changed-c-apis" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <em>keywords</em> parameter of <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/arg.html#c.PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords" title="PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords()</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/arg.html#c.PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords" title="PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords()</span></code></a>
|
||
now has type <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">*</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="p">*</span></span> in C
|
||
and <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">*</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="p">*</span></span> in C++,
|
||
instead of <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">*</span><span class="p">*</span></span>.
|
||
In C++, this makes these functions compatible with arguments
|
||
of type <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">*</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="p">*</span></span>, <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">*</span><span class="p">*</span></span>,
|
||
or <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">*</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="p">*</span></span> without an explicit type cast.
|
||
In C, the functions only support arguments of type <span class="c-expr sig sig-inline c"><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">*</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="p">*</span></span>.
|
||
This can be overridden with the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/arg.html#c.PY_CXX_CONST" title="PY_CXX_CONST"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PY_CXX_CONST</span></code></a> macro.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/65210">gh-65210</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/arg.html#c.PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords" title="PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords()</span></code></a> now supports
|
||
non-ASCII keyword parameter names.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/110815">gh-110815</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCode_GetFirstFree()</span></code> function is now unstable API
|
||
and is now named <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/code.html#c.PyUnstable_Code_GetFirstFree" title="PyUnstable_Code_GetFirstFree"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnstable_Code_GetFirstFree()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Bogdan Romanyuk in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115781">gh-115781</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_GetItem" title="PyDict_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_GetItem()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_GetItemString" title="PyDict_GetItemString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_GetItemString()</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_HasKey" title="PyMapping_HasKey"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_HasKey()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/mapping.html#c.PyMapping_HasKeyString" title="PyMapping_HasKeyString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMapping_HasKeyString()</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_HasAttr" title="PyObject_HasAttr"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_HasAttr()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_HasAttrString" title="PyObject_HasAttrString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_HasAttrString()</span></code></a>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PySys_GetObject" title="PySys_GetObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_GetObject()</span></code></a> functions,
|
||
each of which clears all errors which occurred when calling them
|
||
now reports these errors using <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.unraisablehook" title="sys.unraisablehook"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.unraisablehook()</span></code></a>.
|
||
You may replace them with other functions as recommended in the documentation.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106672">gh-106672</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Add support for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%T</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%#T</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%N</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%#N</span></code> formats
|
||
to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/unicode.html#c.PyUnicode_FromFormat" title="PyUnicode_FromFormat"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_FromFormat()</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%T</span></code>: Get the fully qualified name of an object type</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%#T</span></code>: As above, but use a colon as the separator</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%N</span></code>: Get the fully qualified name of a type</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%#N</span></code>: As above, but use a colon as the separator</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>See <span class="target" id="index-51"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0737/"><strong>PEP 737</strong></a> for more information.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/111696">gh-111696</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>You no longer have to define the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN</span></code> macro before
|
||
including <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python.h</span></code> when using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#</span></code> formats in
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/arg.html#arg-parsing-string-and-buffers"><span class="std std-ref">format codes</span></a>.
|
||
APIs accepting the format codes always use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_ssize_t</span></code> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#</span></code> formats.
|
||
(Contributed by Inada Naoki in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/104922">gh-104922</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>If Python is built in <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#debug-build"><span class="std std-ref">debug mode</span></a>
|
||
or <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#cmdoption-with-assertions"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">with</span> <span class="pre">assertions</span></code></a>,
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/tuple.html#c.PyTuple_SET_ITEM" title="PyTuple_SET_ITEM"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTuple_SET_ITEM()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/list.html#c.PyList_SET_ITEM" title="PyList_SET_ITEM"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_SET_ITEM()</span></code></a>
|
||
now check the index argument with an assertion.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106168">gh-106168</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="limited-c-api-changes">
|
||
<h3>Limited C API Changes<a class="headerlink" href="#limited-c-api-changes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The following functions are now included in the Limited C API:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#c.PyMem_RawMalloc" title="PyMem_RawMalloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawMalloc()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#c.PyMem_RawCalloc" title="PyMem_RawCalloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawCalloc()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#c.PyMem_RawRealloc" title="PyMem_RawRealloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawRealloc()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/memory.html#c.PyMem_RawFree" title="PyMem_RawFree"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawFree()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PySys_Audit" title="PySys_Audit"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_Audit()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PySys_AuditTuple" title="PySys_AuditTuple"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_AuditTuple()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/type.html#c.PyType_GetModuleByDef" title="PyType_GetModuleByDef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyType_GetModuleByDef()</span></code></a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/85283">gh-85283</a>, <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/85283">gh-85283</a>, and <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116936">gh-116936</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Python built with <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#cmdoption-with-trace-refs"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-trace-refs</span></code></a> (tracing references)
|
||
now supports the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/stable.html#limited-c-api"><span class="std std-ref">Limited API</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108634">gh-108634</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="removed-c-apis">
|
||
<h3>Removed C APIs<a class="headerlink" href="#removed-c-apis" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Remove several functions, macros, variables, etc
|
||
with names prefixed by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_Py</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PY</span></code> (which are considered private).
|
||
If your project is affected by one of these removals
|
||
and you believe that the removed API should remain available,
|
||
please <a class="reference internal" href="../bugs.html#using-the-tracker"><span class="std std-ref">open a new issue</span></a> to request a public C API
|
||
and add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cc:</span> <span class="pre">@vstinner</span></code> to the issue to notify Victor Stinner.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106320">gh-106320</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove old buffer protocols deprecated in Python 3.0.
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#bufferobjects"><span class="std std-ref">Buffer Protocol</span></a> instead.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_CheckReadBuffer()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyObject_CheckBuffer" title="PyObject_CheckBuffer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_CheckBuffer()</span></code></a> to test
|
||
whether the object supports the buffer protocol.
|
||
Note that <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyObject_CheckBuffer" title="PyObject_CheckBuffer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_CheckBuffer()</span></code></a> doesn’t guarantee
|
||
that <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyObject_GetBuffer" title="PyObject_GetBuffer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetBuffer()</span></code></a> will succeed.
|
||
To test if the object is actually readable,
|
||
see the next example of <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyObject_GetBuffer" title="PyObject_GetBuffer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetBuffer()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_AsCharBuffer()</span></code>, <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_AsReadBuffer()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyObject_GetBuffer" title="PyObject_GetBuffer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetBuffer()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyBuffer_Release" title="PyBuffer_Release"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyBuffer_Release()</span></code></a> instead:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Py_buffer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">view</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyObject_GetBuffer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">view</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyBUF_SIMPLE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<span class="c1">// Use `view.buf` and `view.len` to read from the buffer.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1">// You may need to cast buf as `(const char*)view.buf`.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">PyBuffer_Release</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">view</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_AsWriteBuffer()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyObject_GetBuffer" title="PyObject_GetBuffer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_GetBuffer()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/buffer.html#c.PyBuffer_Release" title="PyBuffer_Release"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyBuffer_Release()</span></code></a> instead:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Py_buffer</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">view</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyObject_GetBuffer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">view</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyBUF_WRITABLE</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<span class="c1">// Use `view.buf` and `view.len` to write to the buffer.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">PyBuffer_Release</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">view</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Inada Naoki in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/85275">gh-85275</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove various functions deprecated in Python 3.9:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_CallObject()</span></code>, <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_CallNoArgs" title="PyObject_CallNoArgs"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_CallNoArgs()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_Call" title="PyObject_Call"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_Call()</span></code></a> instead.</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition warning">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||
<p>In <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_Call" title="PyObject_Call"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_Call()</span></code></a>, positional arguments must be a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#tuple" title="tuple"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tuple</span></code></a>
|
||
and must not be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>,
|
||
and keyword arguments must be a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#dict" title="dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>,
|
||
whereas the removed functions checked argument types
|
||
and accepted <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> positional and keyword arguments.
|
||
To replace <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_CallObjectWithKeywords(func,</span> <span class="pre">NULL,</span> <span class="pre">kwargs)</span></code> with
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_Call" title="PyObject_Call"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_Call()</span></code></a>,
|
||
pass an empty tuple as positional arguments using
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/tuple.html#c.PyTuple_New" title="PyTuple_New"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTuple_New(0)</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_CallFunction()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_CallFunction" title="PyObject_CallFunction"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_CallFunction()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_CallMethod()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_CallMethod" title="PyObject_CallMethod"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_CallMethod()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCFunction_Call()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/call.html#c.PyObject_Call" title="PyObject_Call"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_Call()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105107">gh-105107</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the following old functions to configure the Python initialization,
|
||
deprecated in Python 3.11:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_AddWarnOptionUnicode()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.warnoptions" title="PyConfig.warnoptions"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.warnoptions</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_AddWarnOption()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.warnoptions" title="PyConfig.warnoptions"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.warnoptions</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_AddXOption()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.xoptions" title="PyConfig.xoptions"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.xoptions</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_HasWarnOptions()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.xoptions" title="PyConfig.xoptions"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.xoptions</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_SetPath()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.module_search_paths</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_SetPath()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.module_search_paths</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.stdio_encoding" title="PyConfig.stdio_encoding"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.stdio_encoding</span></code></a> instead,
|
||
and set also maybe <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio" title="PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio</span></code></a> (on Windows).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_Py_SetProgramFullPath()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.executable" title="PyConfig.executable"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.executable</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Use the new <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code></a> API of the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#init-config"><span class="std std-ref">Python Initialization
|
||
Configuration</span></a> instead (<span class="target" id="index-52"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0587/"><strong>PEP 587</strong></a>), added to Python 3.8.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105145">gh-105145</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_AcquireLock()</span></code> and <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_ReleaseLock()</span></code> functions,
|
||
deprecated in Python 3.2.
|
||
They didn’t update the current thread state.
|
||
They can be replaced with:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyEval_SaveThread" title="PyEval_SaveThread"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_SaveThread()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyEval_RestoreThread" title="PyEval_RestoreThread"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_RestoreThread()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>low-level <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyEval_AcquireThread" title="PyEval_AcquireThread"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_AcquireThread()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyEval_RestoreThread" title="PyEval_RestoreThread"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_RestoreThread()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyGILState_Ensure" title="PyGILState_Ensure"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyGILState_Ensure()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyGILState_Release" title="PyGILState_Release"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyGILState_Release()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105182">gh-105182</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()</span></code> function,
|
||
deprecated in Python 3.9.
|
||
Since Python 3.7, <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_Initialize()</span></code> always creates the GIL:
|
||
calling <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_InitThreads()</span></code> does nothing and
|
||
<code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_ThreadsInitialized()</span></code> always returns non-zero.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105182">gh-105182</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyInterpreterState_Get()</span></code> alias to
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyInterpreterState_Get" title="PyInterpreterState_Get"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyInterpreterState_Get()</span></code></a>
|
||
which was kept for backward compatibility with Python 3.8.
|
||
The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat/">pythoncapi-compat project</a> can be used to get
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyInterpreterState_Get" title="PyInterpreterState_Get"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyInterpreterState_Get()</span></code></a> on Python 3.8 and older.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106320">gh-106320</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the private <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyObject_FastCall()</span></code> function:
|
||
use <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_Vectorcall()</span></code> which is available since Python 3.8
|
||
(<span class="target" id="index-53"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0590/"><strong>PEP 590</strong></a>).
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106023">gh-106023</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cpython/pytime.h</span></code> header file,
|
||
which only contained private functions.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/106316">gh-106316</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the undocumented <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PY_TIMEOUT_MAX</span></code> constant from the limited C API.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/110014">gh-110014</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Remove the old trashcan macros <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN</span></code>
|
||
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END</span></code>.
|
||
Replace both with the new macros <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN</span></code>
|
||
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_END</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105111">gh-105111</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="deprecated-c-apis">
|
||
<h3>Deprecated C APIs<a class="headerlink" href="#deprecated-c-apis" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate old Python initialization functions:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PySys_ResetWarnOptions" title="PySys_ResetWarnOptions"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_ResetWarnOptions()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Clear <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.warnoptions" title="sys.warnoptions"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.warnoptions</span></code></a> and <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings.filters</span></code> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetExecPrefix" title="Py_GetExecPrefix"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetExecPrefix()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.exec_prefix" title="sys.exec_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.exec_prefix</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetPath" title="Py_GetPath"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetPath()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetPrefix" title="Py_GetPrefix"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetPrefix()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.prefix" title="sys.prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.prefix</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetProgramFullPath" title="Py_GetProgramFullPath"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetProgramFullPath()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.executable" title="sys.executable"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.executable</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetProgramName" title="Py_GetProgramName"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetProgramName()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.executable" title="sys.executable"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.executable</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetPythonHome" title="Py_GetPythonHome"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetPythonHome()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.home" title="PyConfig.home"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.home</span></code></a>
|
||
or the <span class="target" id="index-54"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONHOME"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONHOME</span></code></a> environment variable instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105145">gh-105145</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-soft-deprecated"><span class="xref std std-term">Soft deprecate</span></a> the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetBuiltins" title="PyEval_GetBuiltins"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetBuiltins()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetGlobals" title="PyEval_GetGlobals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetGlobals()</span></code></a>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetLocals" title="PyEval_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetLocals()</span></code></a> functions,
|
||
which return a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a>.
|
||
(Soft deprecated as part of <span class="target" id="index-55"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/import.html#c.PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock" title="PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock()</span></code></a> function,
|
||
which is just an alias to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/import.html#c.PyImport_ImportModule" title="PyImport_ImportModule"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_ImportModule()</span></code></a> since Python 3.3.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105396">gh-105396</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-soft-deprecated"><span class="xref std std-term">Soft deprecate</span></a> the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_AddObject" title="PyModule_AddObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_AddObject()</span></code></a> function.
|
||
It should be replaced with <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_Add" title="PyModule_Add"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_Add()</span></code></a>
|
||
or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_AddObjectRef" title="PyModule_AddObjectRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_AddObjectRef()</span></code></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/86493">gh-86493</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the old <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UNICODE</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PY_UNICODE_TYPE</span></code> types
|
||
and the <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UNICODE_WIDE</span></code> define.
|
||
Use the <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wchar_t</span></code> type directly instead.
|
||
Since Python 3.3, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UNICODE</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PY_UNICODE_TYPE</span></code>
|
||
are just aliases to <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wchar_t</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105156">gh-105156</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Deprecate the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GetObject" title="PyWeakref_GetObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GetObject()</span></code></a> and
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT" title="PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT()</span></code></a> functions,
|
||
which return a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-borrowed-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">borrowed reference</span></a>.
|
||
Replace them with the new <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GetRef" title="PyWeakref_GetRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GetRef()</span></code></a> function,
|
||
which returns a <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-strong-reference"><span class="xref std std-term">strong reference</span></a>.
|
||
The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat/">pythoncapi-compat project</a> can be used to get
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GetRef" title="PyWeakref_GetRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GetRef()</span></code></a> on Python 3.12 and older.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105927">gh-105927</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<section id="id8">
|
||
<h4>Pending Removal in Python 3.14<a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ma_version_tag</span></code> field in <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDictObject" title="PyDictObject"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDictObject</span></code></a> for extension modules
|
||
(<span class="target" id="index-56"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0699/"><strong>PEP 699</strong></a>; <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/101193">gh-101193</a>).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Creating <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/typeobj.html#c.Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE" title="Py_TPFLAGS_IMMUTABLETYPE"><code class="xref c c-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">immutable</span> <span class="pre">types</span></code></a> with mutable
|
||
bases (<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/95388">gh-95388</a>).</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Functions to configure Python’s initialization, deprecated in Python 3.11:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_SetArgvEx()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.argv" title="PyConfig.argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.argv</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_SetArgv()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.argv" title="PyConfig.argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.argv</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_SetProgramName()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.program_name" title="PyConfig.program_name"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.program_name</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_SetPythonHome()</span></code>:
|
||
Set <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.home" title="PyConfig.home"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.home</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_InitializeFromConfig" title="Py_InitializeFromConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_InitializeFromConfig()</span></code></a> API should be used with
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code></a> instead.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Global configuration variables:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_DebugFlag" title="Py_DebugFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DebugFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.parser_debug" title="PyConfig.parser_debug"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.parser_debug</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_VerboseFlag" title="Py_VerboseFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_VerboseFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.verbose" title="PyConfig.verbose"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.verbose</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_QuietFlag" title="Py_QuietFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_QuietFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.quiet" title="PyConfig.quiet"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.quiet</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_InteractiveFlag" title="Py_InteractiveFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_InteractiveFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.interactive" title="PyConfig.interactive"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.interactive</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_InspectFlag" title="Py_InspectFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_InspectFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.inspect" title="PyConfig.inspect"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.inspect</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_OptimizeFlag" title="Py_OptimizeFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_OptimizeFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.optimization_level" title="PyConfig.optimization_level"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.optimization_level</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_NoSiteFlag" title="Py_NoSiteFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_NoSiteFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.site_import" title="PyConfig.site_import"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.site_import</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_BytesWarningFlag" title="Py_BytesWarningFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BytesWarningFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.bytes_warning" title="PyConfig.bytes_warning"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.bytes_warning</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_FrozenFlag" title="Py_FrozenFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_FrozenFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings" title="PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag" title="Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.use_environment" title="PyConfig.use_environment"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.use_environment</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag" title="Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.write_bytecode" title="PyConfig.write_bytecode"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.write_bytecode</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_NoUserSiteDirectory" title="Py_NoUserSiteDirectory"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_NoUserSiteDirectory</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.user_site_directory" title="PyConfig.user_site_directory"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.user_site_directory</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_UnbufferedStdioFlag" title="Py_UnbufferedStdioFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UnbufferedStdioFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.buffered_stdio" title="PyConfig.buffered_stdio"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.buffered_stdio</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_HashRandomizationFlag" title="Py_HashRandomizationFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_HashRandomizationFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.use_hash_seed" title="PyConfig.use_hash_seed"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.use_hash_seed</span></code></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.hash_seed" title="PyConfig.hash_seed"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.hash_seed</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_IsolatedFlag" title="Py_IsolatedFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_IsolatedFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.isolated" title="PyConfig.isolated"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.isolated</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_LegacyWindowsFSEncodingFlag" title="Py_LegacyWindowsFSEncodingFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_LegacyWindowsFSEncodingFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyPreConfig.legacy_windows_fs_encoding" title="PyPreConfig.legacy_windows_fs_encoding"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig.legacy_windows_fs_encoding</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_LegacyWindowsStdioFlag" title="Py_LegacyWindowsStdioFlag"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_LegacyWindowsStdioFlag</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio" title="PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.filesystem_encoding" title="PyConfig.filesystem_encoding"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.filesystem_encoding</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_HasFileSystemDefaultEncoding</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.filesystem_encoding" title="PyConfig.filesystem_encoding"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.filesystem_encoding</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_FileSystemDefaultEncodeErrors</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.filesystem_errors" title="PyConfig.filesystem_errors"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.filesystem_errors</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UTF8Mode</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyPreConfig.utf8_mode" title="PyPreConfig.utf8_mode"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig.utf8_mode</span></code></a> instead.
|
||
(see <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.Py_PreInitialize" title="Py_PreInitialize"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitialize()</span></code></a>)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_InitializeFromConfig" title="Py_InitializeFromConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_InitializeFromConfig()</span></code></a> API should be used with
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code></a> instead.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="id9">
|
||
<h4>Pending Removal in Python 3.15<a class="headerlink" href="#id9" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The bundled copy of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libmpdecimal</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/import.html#c.PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock" title="PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_ImportModuleNoBlock()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/import.html#c.PyImport_ImportModule" title="PyImport_ImportModule"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_ImportModule()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GetObject" title="PyWeakref_GetObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GetObject()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT" title="PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GET_OBJECT()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/weakref.html#c.PyWeakref_GetRef" title="PyWeakref_GetRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWeakref_GetRef()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/unicode.html#c.Py_UNICODE" title="Py_UNICODE"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UNICODE</span></code></a> type and the <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_UNICODE_WIDE</span></code> macro:
|
||
Use <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wchar_t</span></code> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Python initialization functions:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PySys_ResetWarnOptions" title="PySys_ResetWarnOptions"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySys_ResetWarnOptions()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Clear <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.warnoptions" title="sys.warnoptions"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.warnoptions</span></code></a> and <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings.filters</span></code> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetExecPrefix" title="Py_GetExecPrefix"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetExecPrefix()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.base_exec_prefix" title="sys.base_exec_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.base_exec_prefix</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.exec_prefix" title="sys.exec_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.exec_prefix</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetPath" title="Py_GetPath"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetPath()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetPrefix" title="Py_GetPrefix"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetPrefix()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.base_prefix" title="sys.base_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.base_prefix</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.prefix" title="sys.prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.prefix</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetProgramFullPath" title="Py_GetProgramFullPath"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetProgramFullPath()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.executable" title="sys.executable"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.executable</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetProgramName" title="Py_GetProgramName"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetProgramName()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.executable" title="sys.executable"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.executable</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_GetPythonHome" title="Py_GetPythonHome"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_GetPythonHome()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Get <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init_config.html#c.PyConfig.home" title="PyConfig.home"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.home</span></code></a>
|
||
or the <span class="target" id="index-57"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONHOME"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONHOME</span></code></a> environment variable instead.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="id10">
|
||
<h4>Pending Removal in Future Versions<a class="headerlink" href="#id10" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h4>
|
||
<p>The following APIs are deprecated and will be removed,
|
||
although there is currently no date scheduled for their removal.</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/typeobj.html#c.Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE" title="Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_FINALIZE</span></code></a>:
|
||
Unneeded since Python 3.8.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Fetch" title="PyErr_Fetch"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Fetch()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_GetRaisedException" title="PyErr_GetRaisedException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_GetRaisedException()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_NormalizeException" title="PyErr_NormalizeException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_NormalizeException()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_GetRaisedException" title="PyErr_GetRaisedException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_GetRaisedException()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_Restore" title="PyErr_Restore"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Restore()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_SetRaisedException" title="PyErr_SetRaisedException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_SetRaisedException()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_GetFilename" title="PyModule_GetFilename"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_GetFilename()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/module.html#c.PyModule_GetFilenameObject" title="PyModule_GetFilenameObject"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyModule_GetFilenameObject()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PyOS_AfterFork" title="PyOS_AfterFork"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyOS_AfterFork()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/sys.html#c.PyOS_AfterFork_Child" title="PyOS_AfterFork_Child"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyOS_AfterFork_Child()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/slice.html#c.PySlice_GetIndicesEx" title="PySlice_GetIndicesEx"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySlice_GetIndicesEx()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/slice.html#c.PySlice_Unpack" title="PySlice_Unpack"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySlice_Unpack()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/slice.html#c.PySlice_AdjustIndices" title="PySlice_AdjustIndices"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySlice_AdjustIndices()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_AsDecodedObject()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/codec.html#c.PyCodec_Decode" title="PyCodec_Decode"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCodec_Decode()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_AsDecodedUnicode()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/codec.html#c.PyCodec_Decode" title="PyCodec_Decode"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCodec_Decode()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/codec.html#c.PyCodec_Encode" title="PyCodec_Encode"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCodec_Encode()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_AsEncodedUnicode()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/codec.html#c.PyCodec_Encode" title="PyCodec_Encode"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyCodec_Encode()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/unicode.html#c.PyUnicode_READY" title="PyUnicode_READY"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyUnicode_READY()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Unneeded since Python 3.12</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_Display()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_DisplayException" title="PyErr_DisplayException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_DisplayException()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyErr_ChainExceptions()</span></code>:
|
||
Use <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyErr_ChainExceptions1()</span></code> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyBytesObject.ob_shash</span></code> member:
|
||
call <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_Hash" title="PyObject_Hash"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_Hash()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDictObject.ma_version_tag</span></code> member.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Thread Local Storage (TLS) API:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_create_key" title="PyThread_create_key"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_create_key()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_tss_alloc" title="PyThread_tss_alloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_tss_alloc()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_delete_key" title="PyThread_delete_key"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_delete_key()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_tss_free" title="PyThread_tss_free"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_tss_free()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_set_key_value" title="PyThread_set_key_value"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_set_key_value()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_tss_set" title="PyThread_tss_set"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_tss_set()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_get_key_value" title="PyThread_get_key_value"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_get_key_value()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_tss_get" title="PyThread_tss_get"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_tss_get()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_delete_key_value" title="PyThread_delete_key_value"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_delete_key_value()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Use <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_tss_delete" title="PyThread_tss_delete"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_tss_delete()</span></code></a> instead.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThread_ReInitTLS" title="PyThread_ReInitTLS"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThread_ReInitTLS()</span></code></a>:
|
||
Unneeded since Python 3.7.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="build-changes">
|
||
<h2>Build Changes<a class="headerlink" href="#build-changes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arm64-apple-ios</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arm64-apple-ios-simulator</span></code> are both
|
||
now <span class="target" id="index-58"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/"><strong>PEP 11</strong></a> tier 3 platforms.
|
||
(<a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-platform-support"><span class="std std-ref">PEP 730</span></a> written
|
||
and implementation contributed by Russell Keith-Magee in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/114099">gh-114099</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">aarch64-linux-android</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x86_64-linux-android</span></code> are both
|
||
now <span class="target" id="index-59"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/"><strong>PEP 11</strong></a> tier 3 platforms.
|
||
(<a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-platform-support"><span class="std std-ref">PEP 738</span></a> written
|
||
and implementation contributed by Malcolm Smith in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/116622">gh-116622</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wasm32-wasi</span></code> is now a <span class="target" id="index-60"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/"><strong>PEP 11</strong></a> tier 2 platform.
|
||
(Contributed by Brett Cannon in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115192">gh-115192</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wasm32-emscripten</span></code> is no longer a <span class="target" id="index-61"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0011/"><strong>PEP 11</strong></a> supported platform.
|
||
(Contributed by Brett Cannon in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115192">gh-115192</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Building CPython now requires a compiler with support for the C11 atomic
|
||
library, GCC built-in atomic functions, or MSVC interlocked intrinsics.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Autoconf 2.71 and aclocal 1.16.5 are now required to regenerate
|
||
the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code> script.
|
||
(Contributed by Christian Heimes in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/89886">gh-89886</a> and by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112090">gh-112090</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>SQLite 3.15.2 or newer is required to build
|
||
the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sqlite3.html#module-sqlite3" title="sqlite3: A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sqlite3</span></code></a> extension module.
|
||
(Contributed by Erlend Aasland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105875">gh-105875</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>CPython now bundles the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/microsoft/mimalloc/">mimalloc library</a> by default.
|
||
It is licensed under the MIT license;
|
||
see <a class="reference internal" href="../license.html#mimalloc-license"><span class="std std-ref">mimalloc license</span></a>.
|
||
The bundled mimalloc has custom changes, see <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/113141">gh-113141</a> for details.
|
||
(Contributed by Dino Viehland in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/109914">gh-109914</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code> option <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#cmdoption-with-system-libmpdec"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-system-libmpdec</span></code></a>
|
||
now defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">yes</span></code>.
|
||
The bundled copy of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">libmpdecimal</span></code> will be removed in Python 3.15.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Python built with <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#cmdoption-with-trace-refs"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-trace-refs</span></code></a>
|
||
(tracing references) is now ABI compatible with the Python release build
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#debug-build"><span class="std std-ref">debug build</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108634">gh-108634</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>On POSIX systems, the pkg-config (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pc</span></code>) filenames now include the ABI
|
||
flags. For example, the free-threaded build generates <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python-3.13t.pc</span></code>
|
||
and the debug build generates <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python-3.13d.pc</span></code>.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">errno</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fcntl</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">grp</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">md5</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pwd</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resource</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">termios</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">winsound</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_ctypes_test</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_multiprocessing.posixshmem</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_scproxy</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_stat</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_statistics</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_testconsole</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_testimportmultiple</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_uuid</span></code>
|
||
C extensions are now built with the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/stable.html#limited-c-api"><span class="std std-ref">limited C API</span></a>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/85283">gh-85283</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="porting-to-python-3-13">
|
||
<h2>Porting to Python 3.13<a class="headerlink" href="#porting-to-python-3-13" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes
|
||
that may require changes to your code.</p>
|
||
<section id="changes-in-the-python-api">
|
||
<h3>Changes in the Python API<a class="headerlink" href="#changes-in-the-python-api" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul id="pep667-porting-notes-py">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-locals-semantics"><span class="std std-ref">PEP 667</span></a> introduces several changes
|
||
to the semantics of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.f_locals" title="frame.f_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">f_locals</span></code></a>:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Calling <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> in an <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scope</span></a> now produces an
|
||
independent snapshot on each call, and hence no longer implicitly updates
|
||
previously returned references. Obtaining the legacy CPython behavior now
|
||
requires explicit calls to update the initially returned dictionary with the
|
||
results of subsequent calls to <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code>. Code execution functions that
|
||
implicitly target <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code> (such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval</span></code>) must be
|
||
passed an explicit namespace to access their results in an optimized scope.
|
||
(Changed as part of <span class="target" id="index-62"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Calling <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a> from a comprehension at module or class scope
|
||
(including via <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval</span></code>) once more behaves as if the comprehension
|
||
were running as an independent nested function (i.e. the local variables from
|
||
the containing scope are not included). In Python 3.12, this had changed
|
||
to include the local variables from the containing scope when implementing
|
||
<span class="target" id="index-63"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0709/"><strong>PEP 709</strong></a>. (Changed as part of <span class="target" id="index-64"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Accessing <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.f_locals" title="frame.f_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FrameType.f_locals</span></code></a> in an
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scope</span></a> now returns a write-through proxy rather than a
|
||
snapshot that gets updated at ill-specified times. If a snapshot is desired,
|
||
it must be created explicitly with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code> or the proxy’s <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.copy()</span></code> method.
|
||
(Changed as part of <span class="target" id="index-65"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://peps.python.org/pep-0667/"><strong>PEP 667</strong></a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/functools.html#functools.partial" title="functools.partial"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">functools.partial</span></code></a> now emits a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#FutureWarning" title="FutureWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FutureWarning</span></code></a>
|
||
when used as a method.
|
||
The behavior will change in future Python versions.
|
||
Wrap it in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#staticmethod" title="staticmethod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">staticmethod()</span></code></a> if you want to preserve the old behavior.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/121027">gh-121027</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>An <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#OSError" title="OSError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OSError</span></code></a> is now raised by <a class="reference internal" href="../library/getpass.html#getpass.getuser" title="getpass.getuser"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getpass.getuser()</span></code></a>
|
||
for any failure to retrieve a username,
|
||
instead of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#ImportError" title="ImportError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ImportError</span></code></a> on non-Unix platforms
|
||
or <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#KeyError" title="KeyError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KeyError</span></code></a> on Unix platforms where the password database is empty.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The value of the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mode</span></code> attribute of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/gzip.html#gzip.GzipFile" title="gzip.GzipFile"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gzip.GzipFile</span></code></a>
|
||
is now a string (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'rb'</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'wb'</span></code>) instead of an integer (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code>).
|
||
The value of the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mode</span></code> attribute of the readable file-like object
|
||
returned by <a class="reference internal" href="../library/zipfile.html#zipfile.ZipFile.open" title="zipfile.ZipFile.open"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">zipfile.ZipFile.open()</span></code></a> is now <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'rb'</span></code> instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'r'</span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/115961">gh-115961</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/mailbox.html#mailbox.Maildir" title="mailbox.Maildir"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mailbox.Maildir</span></code></a> now ignores files with a leading dot (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.</span></code>).
|
||
(Contributed by Zackery Spytz in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/65559">gh-65559</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.glob" title="pathlib.Path.glob"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathlib.Path.glob()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.rglob" title="pathlib.Path.rglob"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rglob()</span></code></a> now return both
|
||
files and directories if a pattern that ends with “<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">**</span></code>” is given,
|
||
rather than directories only.
|
||
Add a trailing slash to keep the previous behavior and only match directories.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/threading.html#module-threading" title="threading: Thread-based parallelism."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">threading</span></code></a> module now expects the <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_thread</span></code> module
|
||
to have an <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_is_main_interpreter()</span></code> function.
|
||
This function takes no arguments and returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>
|
||
if the current interpreter is the main interpreter.</p>
|
||
<p>Any library or application that provides a custom <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_thread</span></code> module
|
||
must provide <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_is_main_interpreter()</span></code>,
|
||
just like the module’s other “private” attributes.
|
||
(<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/112826">gh-112826</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="changes-in-the-c-api">
|
||
<h3>Changes in the C API<a class="headerlink" href="#changes-in-the-c-api" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python.h</span></code> no longer includes the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><ieeefp.h></span></code> standard header. It was
|
||
included for the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">finite()</span></code> function which is now provided by the
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><math.h></span></code> header. It should now be included explicitly if needed. Remove
|
||
also the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HAVE_IEEEFP_H</span></code> macro.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108765">gh-108765</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python.h</span></code> no longer includes these standard header files: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><time.h></span></code>,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><sys/select.h></span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><sys/time.h></span></code>. If needed, they should now be
|
||
included explicitly. For example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><time.h></span></code> provides the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">clock()</span></code> and
|
||
<code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gmtime()</span></code> functions, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><sys/select.h></span></code> provides the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">select()</span></code>
|
||
function, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><sys/time.h></span></code> provides the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">futimes()</span></code>, <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gettimeofday()</span></code>
|
||
and <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setitimer()</span></code> functions.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108765">gh-108765</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>On Windows, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Python.h</span></code> no longer includes the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><stddef.h></span></code> standard
|
||
header file. If needed, it should now be included explicitly. For example, it
|
||
provides <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">offsetof()</span></code> function, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">size_t</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ptrdiff_t</span></code> types.
|
||
Including <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><stddef.h></span></code> explicitly was already needed by all other
|
||
platforms, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HAVE_STDDEF_H</span></code> macro is only defined on Windows.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/108765">gh-108765</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>If the <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/stable.html#c.Py_LIMITED_API" title="Py_LIMITED_API"><code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_LIMITED_API</span></code></a> macro is defined, <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE_BUILTIN</span></code> and <code class="xref c c-macro docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_BUILD_CORE_MODULE</span></code> macros
|
||
are now undefined by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><Python.h></span></code>.
|
||
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/85283">gh-85283</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>The old trashcan macros <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END</span></code>
|
||
were removed. They should be replaced by the new macros <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN</span></code>
|
||
and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_END</span></code>.</p>
|
||
<p>A <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tp_dealloc</span></code> function that has the old macros, such as:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">static</span> <span class="n">void</span>
|
||
<span class="n">mytype_dealloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mytype</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="n">PyObject_GC_UnTrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<span class="n">Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_BEGIN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<span class="o">...</span>
|
||
<span class="n">Py_TRASHCAN_SAFE_END</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>should migrate to the new macros as follows:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">static</span> <span class="n">void</span>
|
||
<span class="n">mytype_dealloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mytype</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<span class="n">PyObject_GC_UnTrack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<span class="n">Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mytype_dealloc</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<span class="o">...</span>
|
||
<span class="n">Py_TRASHCAN_END</span>
|
||
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Note that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_TRASHCAN_BEGIN</span></code> has a second argument which
|
||
should be the deallocation function it is in. The new macros were
|
||
added in Python 3.8 and the old macros were deprecated in Python 3.11.
|
||
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/105111">gh-105111</a>.)</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<ul id="pep667-porting-notes-c">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#whatsnew313-locals-semantics"><span class="std std-ref">PEP 667</span></a> introduces several changes
|
||
to frame-related functions:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The effects of mutating the dictionary returned from
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetLocals" title="PyEval_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetLocals()</span></code></a> in an <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scope</span></a> have changed.
|
||
New dict entries added this way will now <em>only</em> be visible to
|
||
subsequent <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetLocals" title="PyEval_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetLocals()</span></code></a> calls in that frame,
|
||
as <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/frame.html#c.PyFrame_GetLocals" title="PyFrame_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_GetLocals()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#locals" title="locals"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a>,
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#frame.f_locals" title="frame.f_locals"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FrameType.f_locals</span></code></a> no longer access
|
||
the same underlying cached dictionary.
|
||
Changes made to entries for actual variable names and names added via
|
||
the write-through proxy interfaces will be overwritten on subsequent calls
|
||
to <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetLocals" title="PyEval_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetLocals()</span></code></a> in that frame.
|
||
The recommended code update depends on how the function was being used,
|
||
so refer to the deprecation notice on the function for details.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p>Calling <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/frame.html#c.PyFrame_GetLocals" title="PyFrame_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_GetLocals()</span></code></a> in an <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scope</span></a>
|
||
now returns a write-through proxy rather than a snapshot
|
||
that gets updated at ill-specified times.
|
||
If a snapshot is desired, it must be created explicitly
|
||
(e.g. with <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_Copy" title="PyDict_Copy"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_Copy()</span></code></a>),
|
||
or by calling the new <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/reflection.html#c.PyEval_GetFrameLocals" title="PyEval_GetFrameLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_GetFrameLocals()</span></code></a> API.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_FastToLocals()</span></code> and <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_FastToLocalsWithError()</span></code>
|
||
no longer have any effect.
|
||
Calling these functions has been redundant since Python 3.11,
|
||
when <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/frame.html#c.PyFrame_GetLocals" title="PyFrame_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_GetLocals()</span></code></a> was first introduced.</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_LocalsToFast()</span></code> no longer has any effect.
|
||
Calling this function is redundant now that <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/frame.html#c.PyFrame_GetLocals" title="PyFrame_GetLocals"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyFrame_GetLocals()</span></code></a>
|
||
returns a write-through proxy for <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-optimized-scope"><span class="xref std std-term">optimized scopes</span></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>Python 3.13 removed many private functions. Some of them can be replaced using these
|
||
alternatives:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyDict_Pop()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_Pop" title="PyDict_Pop"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_Pop()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_PopString" title="PyDict_PopString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_PopString()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyDict_GetItemWithError()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/dict.html#c.PyDict_GetItemRef" title="PyDict_GetItemRef"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyDict_GetItemRef()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyErr_WriteUnraisableMsg()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/exceptions.html#c.PyErr_FormatUnraisable" title="PyErr_FormatUnraisable"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyErr_FormatUnraisable()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyEval_SetTrace()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyEval_SetTrace" title="PyEval_SetTrace"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_SetTrace()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyEval_SetTraceAllThreads" title="PyEval_SetTraceAllThreads"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyEval_SetTraceAllThreads()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyList_Extend()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/list.html#c.PyList_Extend" title="PyList_Extend"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_Extend()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyLong_AsInt()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/long.html#c.PyLong_AsInt" title="PyLong_AsInt"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyLong_AsInt()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyMem_RawStrdup()</span></code>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strdup()</span></code>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyMem_Strdup()</span></code>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">strdup()</span></code>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyObject_ClearManagedDict()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_ClearManagedDict" title="PyObject_ClearManagedDict"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_ClearManagedDict()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyObject_VisitManagedDict()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/object.html#c.PyObject_VisitManagedDict" title="PyObject_VisitManagedDict"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject_VisitManagedDict()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyThreadState_UncheckedGet()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.PyThreadState_GetUnchecked" title="PyThreadState_GetUnchecked"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyThreadState_GetUnchecked()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyTime_AsSecondsDouble()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_AsSecondsDouble" title="PyTime_AsSecondsDouble"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_AsSecondsDouble()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyTime_GetMonotonicClock()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_Monotonic" title="PyTime_Monotonic"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_Monotonic()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_MonotonicRaw" title="PyTime_MonotonicRaw"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_MonotonicRaw()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyTime_GetPerfCounter()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_PerfCounter" title="PyTime_PerfCounter"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_PerfCounter()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_PerfCounterRaw" title="PyTime_PerfCounterRaw"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_PerfCounterRaw()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyTime_GetSystemClock()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_Time" title="PyTime_Time"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_Time()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_TimeRaw" title="PyTime_TimeRaw"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_TimeRaw()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyTime_MAX</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_MAX" title="PyTime_MAX"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_MAX</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyTime_MIN</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_MIN" title="PyTime_MIN"><code class="xref c c-var docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_MIN</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyTime_t</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/time.html#c.PyTime_t" title="PyTime_t"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTime_t</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_Py_HashPointer()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/hash.html#c.Py_HashPointer" title="Py_HashPointer"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_HashPointer()</span></code></a>;</p></li>
|
||
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_Py_IsFinalizing()</span></code>: <a class="reference internal" href="../c-api/init.html#c.Py_IsFinalizing" title="Py_IsFinalizing"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_IsFinalizing()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat/">pythoncapi-compat project</a> can be used to get most of these new
|
||
functions on Python 3.12 and older.</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="regression-test-changes">
|
||
<h2>Regression Test Changes<a class="headerlink" href="#regression-test-changes" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>Python built with <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">configure</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="../using/configure.html#cmdoption-with-pydebug"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--with-pydebug</span></code></a> now
|
||
supports a <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-X"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">presite=package.module</span></code></a> command-line
|
||
option. If used, it specifies a module that should be imported early
|
||
in the lifecycle of the interpreter, before <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site.py</span></code> is executed.
|
||
(Contributed by Łukasz Langa in <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/110769">gh-110769</a>.)</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="notable-changes-in-3-13-1">
|
||
<h2>Notable changes in 3.13.1<a class="headerlink" href="#notable-changes-in-3-13-1" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<section id="id11">
|
||
<h3>sys<a class="headerlink" href="#id11" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p>The previously undocumented special function <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.getobjects" title="sys.getobjects"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.getobjects()</span></code></a>,
|
||
which only exists in specialized builds of Python, may now return objects
|
||
from other interpreters than the one it’s called in.</p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="clearer"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="Main">
|
||
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">What’s New In Python 3.13</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#summary-release-highlights">Summary – Release Highlights</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-features">New Features</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#a-better-interactive-interpreter">A better interactive interpreter</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#improved-error-messages">Improved error messages</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#free-threaded-cpython">Free-threaded CPython</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#an-experimental-just-in-time-jit-compiler">An experimental just-in-time (JIT) compiler</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#defined-mutation-semantics-for-locals">Defined mutation semantics for <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locals()</span></code></a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#support-for-mobile-platforms">Support for mobile platforms</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#other-language-changes">Other Language Changes</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-modules">New Modules</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#improved-modules">Improved Modules</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#argparse">argparse</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#array">array</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ast">ast</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#asyncio">asyncio</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#base64">base64</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#compileall">compileall</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#concurrent-futures">concurrent.futures</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configparser">configparser</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#copy">copy</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ctypes">ctypes</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dbm">dbm</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#dis">dis</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#doctest">doctest</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#email">email</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#enum">enum</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#fractions">fractions</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#glob">glob</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#importlib">importlib</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#io">io</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ipaddress">ipaddress</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#itertools">itertools</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#marshal">marshal</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#math">math</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mimetypes">mimetypes</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#mmap">mmap</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#multiprocessing">multiprocessing</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#os">os</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#os-path">os.path</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pathlib">pathlib</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pdb">pdb</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#queue">queue</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#random">random</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#re">re</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#shutil">shutil</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#site">site</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sqlite3">sqlite3</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ssl">ssl</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#statistics">statistics</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#subprocess">subprocess</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sys">sys</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tempfile">tempfile</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#time">time</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tkinter">tkinter</a></li>
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