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<section id="interactive-input-editing-and-history-substitution">
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<span id="tut-interacting"></span><h1><span class="section-number">14. </span>Interactive Input Editing and History Substitution<a class="headerlink" href="#interactive-input-editing-and-history-substitution" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
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<p>Some versions of the Python interpreter support editing of the current input
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line and history substitution, similar to facilities found in the Korn shell and
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the GNU Bash shell. This is implemented using the <a class="reference external" href="https://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/readline/rltop.html">GNU Readline</a> library,
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which supports various styles of editing. This library has its own
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documentation which we won’t duplicate here.</p>
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<section id="tab-completion-and-history-editing">
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<span id="tut-keybindings"></span><h2><span class="section-number">14.1. </span>Tab Completion and History Editing<a class="headerlink" href="#tab-completion-and-history-editing" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Completion of variable and module names is
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<a class="reference internal" href="../library/site.html#rlcompleter-config"><span class="std std-ref">automatically enabled</span></a> at interpreter startup so
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that the <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Tab</kbd> key invokes the completion function; it looks at
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Python statement names, the current local variables, and the available
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module names. For dotted expressions such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string.a</span></code>, it will evaluate
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the expression up to the final <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'.'</span></code> and then suggest completions from
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the attributes of the resulting object. Note that this may execute
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application-defined code if an object with a <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__getattr__" title="object.__getattr__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__getattr__()</span></code></a> method
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is part of the expression. The default configuration also saves your
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history into a file named <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.python_history</span></code> in your user directory.
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The history will be available again during the next interactive interpreter
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session.</p>
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</section>
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<section id="alternatives-to-the-interactive-interpreter">
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<span id="tut-commentary"></span><h2><span class="section-number">14.2. </span>Alternatives to the Interactive Interpreter<a class="headerlink" href="#alternatives-to-the-interactive-interpreter" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
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<p>This facility is an enormous step forward compared to earlier versions of the
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interpreter; however, some wishes are left: It would be nice if the proper
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indentation were suggested on continuation lines (the parser knows if an
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<a class="reference internal" href="../library/token.html#token.INDENT" title="token.INDENT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDENT</span></code></a> token is required next). The completion mechanism might
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use the interpreter’s symbol table. A command to check (or even suggest)
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matching parentheses, quotes, etc., would also be useful.</p>
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<p>One alternative enhanced interactive interpreter that has been around for quite
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some time is <a class="reference external" href="https://ipython.org/">IPython</a>, which features tab completion, object exploration and
|
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advanced history management. It can also be thoroughly customized and embedded
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into other applications. Another similar enhanced interactive environment is
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<a class="reference external" href="https://bpython-interpreter.org/">bpython</a>.</p>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tab-completion-and-history-editing">14.1. Tab Completion and History Editing</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#alternatives-to-the-interactive-interpreter">14.2. Alternatives to the Interactive Interpreter</a></li>
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