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<section id="module-tomllib">
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<span id="tomllib-parse-toml-files"></span><h1><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tomllib</span></code> — Parse TOML files<a class="headerlink" href="#module-tomllib" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.11.</span></p>
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<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="extlink-source reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.13/Lib/tomllib">Lib/tomllib</a></p>
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<hr class="docutils" />
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<p>This module provides an interface for parsing TOML 1.0.0 (Tom’s Obvious Minimal
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Language, <a class="reference external" href="https://toml.io/en/">https://toml.io</a>). This module does not
|
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support writing TOML.</p>
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<div class="admonition seealso">
|
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<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
|
||
<p>The <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/tomli-w/">Tomli-W package</a>
|
||
is a TOML writer that can be used in conjunction with this module,
|
||
providing a write API familiar to users of the standard library
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="marshal.html#module-marshal" title="marshal: Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back (with different constraints)."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">marshal</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="pickle.html#module-pickle" title="pickle: Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pickle</span></code></a> modules.</p>
|
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</div>
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<div class="admonition seealso">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
|
||
<p>The <a class="extlink-pypi reference external" href="https://pypi.org/project/tomlkit/">TOML Kit package</a>
|
||
is a style-preserving TOML library with both read and write capability.
|
||
It is a recommended replacement for this module for editing already
|
||
existing TOML files.</p>
|
||
</div>
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||
<p>This module defines the following functions:</p>
|
||
<dl class="py function">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tomllib.load">
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||
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">tomllib.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">load</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="positional-only-separator o"><abbr title="Positional-only parameter separator (PEP 570)"><span class="pre">/</span></abbr></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="keyword-only-separator o"><abbr title="Keyword-only parameters separator (PEP 3102)"><span class="pre">*</span></abbr></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">parse_float</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">float</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#tomllib.load" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Read a TOML file. The first argument should be a readable and binary file object.
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Return a <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#dict" title="dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a>. Convert TOML types to Python using this
|
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<a class="reference internal" href="#toml-to-py-table"><span class="std std-ref">conversion table</span></a>.</p>
|
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<p><em>parse_float</em> will be called with the string of every TOML
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float to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">float(num_str)</span></code>.
|
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This can be used to use another datatype or parser for TOML floats
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(e.g. <a class="reference internal" href="decimal.html#decimal.Decimal" title="decimal.Decimal"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decimal.Decimal</span></code></a>). The callable must not return a
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#dict" title="dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a> or a <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#list" title="list"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list</span></code></a>, else a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> is raised.</p>
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<p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#tomllib.TOMLDecodeError" title="tomllib.TOMLDecodeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TOMLDecodeError</span></code></a> will be raised on an invalid TOML document.</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="py function">
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<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tomllib.loads">
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<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">tomllib.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">loads</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">s</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="positional-only-separator o"><abbr title="Positional-only parameter separator (PEP 570)"><span class="pre">/</span></abbr></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="keyword-only-separator o"><abbr title="Keyword-only parameters separator (PEP 3102)"><span class="pre">*</span></abbr></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">parse_float</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">float</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#tomllib.loads" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>Load TOML from a <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#str" title="str"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">str</span></code></a> object. Return a <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#dict" title="dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dict</span></code></a>. Convert TOML
|
||
types to Python using this <a class="reference internal" href="#toml-to-py-table"><span class="std std-ref">conversion table</span></a>. The
|
||
<em>parse_float</em> argument has the same meaning as in <a class="reference internal" href="#tomllib.load" title="tomllib.load"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">load()</span></code></a>.</p>
|
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<p>A <a class="reference internal" href="#tomllib.TOMLDecodeError" title="tomllib.TOMLDecodeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TOMLDecodeError</span></code></a> will be raised on an invalid TOML document.</p>
|
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</dd></dl>
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|
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<p>The following exceptions are available:</p>
|
||
<dl class="py exception">
|
||
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="tomllib.TOMLDecodeError">
|
||
<em class="property"><span class="k"><span class="pre">exception</span></span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">tomllib.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">TOMLDecodeError</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#tomllib.TOMLDecodeError" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a>.</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
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<section id="examples">
|
||
<h2>Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Parsing a TOML file:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">tomllib</span>
|
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||
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"pyproject.toml"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"rb"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tomllib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
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||
<p>Parsing a TOML string:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">tomllib</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="n">toml_str</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"""</span>
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||
<span class="s2">python-version = "3.11.0"</span>
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<span class="s2">python-implementation = "CPython"</span>
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<span class="s2">"""</span>
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||
|
||
<span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tomllib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">loads</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">toml_str</span><span class="p">)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</section>
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<section id="conversion-table">
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<h2>Conversion Table<a class="headerlink" href="#conversion-table" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<table class="docutils align-default" id="toml-to-py-table">
|
||
<thead>
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||
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>TOML</p></th>
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||
<th class="head"><p>Python</p></th>
|
||
</tr>
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||
</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="row-even"><td><p>TOML document</p></td>
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<td><p>dict</p></td>
|
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</tr>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>string</p></td>
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<td><p>str</p></td>
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||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>integer</p></td>
|
||
<td><p>int</p></td>
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||
</tr>
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||
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>float</p></td>
|
||
<td><p>float (configurable with <em>parse_float</em>)</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>boolean</p></td>
|
||
<td><p>bool</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>offset date-time</p></td>
|
||
<td><p>datetime.datetime (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tzinfo</span></code> attribute set to an instance of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">datetime.timezone</span></code>)</p></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>local date-time</p></td>
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