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Note that <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid1" title="uuid.uuid1"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid1()</span></code></a> may compromise privacy since it creates a UUID containing the computer’s network address. <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid4" title="uuid.uuid4"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid4()</span></code></a> creates a random UUID.</p> <p>Depending on support from the underlying platform, <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid1" title="uuid.uuid1"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid1()</span></code></a> may or may not return a “safe” UUID. A safe UUID is one which is generated using synchronization methods that ensure no two processes can obtain the same UUID. All instances of <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.UUID" title="uuid.UUID"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UUID</span></code></a> have an <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.UUID.is_safe" title="uuid.UUID.is_safe"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">is_safe</span></code></a> attribute which relays any information about the UUID’s safety, using this enumeration:</p> <dl class="py class"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.SafeUUID"> <em class="property"><span class="k"><span class="pre">class</span></span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">SafeUUID</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.SafeUUID" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.7.</span></p> </div> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.SafeUUID.safe"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">safe</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.SafeUUID.safe" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID was generated by the platform in a multiprocessing-safe way.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.SafeUUID.unsafe"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unsafe</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.SafeUUID.unsafe" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID was not generated in a multiprocessing-safe way.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.SafeUUID.unknown"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unknown</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.SafeUUID.unknown" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The platform does not provide information on whether the UUID was generated safely or not.</p> </dd></dl> </dd></dl> <dl class="py class"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID"> <em class="property"><span class="k"><span class="pre">class</span></span><span class="w"> </span></em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">UUID</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">hex</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">bytes</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">bytes_le</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">fields</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">int</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">version</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="keyword-only-separator o"><abbr title="Keyword-only parameters separator (PEP 3102)"><span class="pre">*</span></abbr></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">is_safe</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">SafeUUID.unknown</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create a UUID from either a string of 32 hexadecimal digits, a string of 16 bytes in big-endian order as the <em>bytes</em> argument, a string of 16 bytes in little-endian order as the <em>bytes_le</em> argument, a tuple of six integers (32-bit <em>time_low</em>, 16-bit <em>time_mid</em>, 16-bit <em>time_hi_version</em>, 8-bit <em>clock_seq_hi_variant</em>, 8-bit <em>clock_seq_low</em>, 48-bit <em>node</em>) as the <em>fields</em> argument, or a single 128-bit integer as the <em>int</em> argument. When a string of hex digits is given, curly braces, hyphens, and a URN prefix are all optional. For example, these expressions all yield the same UUID:</p> <div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678}'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'12345678123456781234567812345678'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'urn:uuid:12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">bytes</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sa">b</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\x12\x34\x56\x78</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bytes_le</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="sa">b</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\x78\x56\x34\x12\x34\x12\x78\x56</span><span class="s1">'</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="sa">b</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\x12\x34\x56\x78\x12\x34\x56\x78</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fields</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mh">0x12345678</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x1234</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x5678</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x34</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mh">0x567812345678</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mh">0x12345678123456781234567812345678</span><span class="p">)</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Exactly one of <em>hex</em>, <em>bytes</em>, <em>bytes_le</em>, <em>fields</em>, or <em>int</em> must be given. The <em>version</em> argument is optional; if given, the resulting UUID will have its variant and version number set according to <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4122.html"><strong>RFC 4122</strong></a>, overriding bits in the given <em>hex</em>, <em>bytes</em>, <em>bytes_le</em>, <em>fields</em>, or <em>int</em>.</p> <p>Comparison of UUID objects are made by way of comparing their <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.UUID.int" title="uuid.UUID.int"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UUID.int</span></code></a> attributes. Comparison with a non-UUID object raises a <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#TypeError" title="TypeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TypeError</span></code></a>.</p> <p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">str(uuid)</span></code> returns a string in the form <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678</span></code> where the 32 hexadecimal digits represent the UUID.</p> </dd></dl> <p><a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.UUID" title="uuid.UUID"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UUID</span></code></a> instances have these read-only attributes:</p> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.bytes"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">bytes</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.bytes" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID as a 16-byte string (containing the six integer fields in big-endian byte order).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.bytes_le"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">bytes_le</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.bytes_le" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID as a 16-byte string (with <em>time_low</em>, <em>time_mid</em>, and <em>time_hi_version</em> in little-endian byte order).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.fields"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">fields</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.fields" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>A tuple of the six integer fields of the UUID, which are also available as six individual attributes and two derived attributes:</p> </dd></dl> <table class="docutils align-default"> <tbody> <tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Field</p></td> <td><p>Meaning</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.time_low"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">time_low</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.time_low" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The first 32 bits of the UUID.</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.time_mid"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">time_mid</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.time_mid" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The next 16 bits of the UUID.</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.time_hi_version"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">time_hi_version</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.time_hi_version" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The next 16 bits of the UUID.</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.clock_seq_hi_variant"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">clock_seq_hi_variant</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.clock_seq_hi_variant" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The next 8 bits of the UUID.</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.clock_seq_low"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">clock_seq_low</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.clock_seq_low" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The next 8 bits of the UUID.</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.node"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">node</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.node" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The last 48 bits of the UUID.</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.time"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">time</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.time" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The 60-bit timestamp.</p></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.clock_seq"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">clock_seq</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.clock_seq" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> </td> <td><p>The 14-bit sequence number.</p></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.hex"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">hex</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.hex" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID as a 32-character lowercase hexadecimal string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.int"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">int</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.int" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID as a 128-bit integer.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.urn"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">urn</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.urn" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID as a URN as specified in <span class="target" id="index-3"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4122.html"><strong>RFC 4122</strong></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.variant"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">variant</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.variant" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID variant, which determines the internal layout of the UUID. This will be one of the constants <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.RESERVED_NCS" title="uuid.RESERVED_NCS"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RESERVED_NCS</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.RFC_4122" title="uuid.RFC_4122"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RFC_4122</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.RESERVED_MICROSOFT" title="uuid.RESERVED_MICROSOFT"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RESERVED_MICROSOFT</span></code></a>, or <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.RESERVED_FUTURE" title="uuid.RESERVED_FUTURE"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RESERVED_FUTURE</span></code></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.version"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">version</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.version" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The UUID version number (1 through 5, meaningful only when the variant is <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.RFC_4122" title="uuid.RFC_4122"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RFC_4122</span></code></a>).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py attribute"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.UUID.is_safe"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">UUID.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">is_safe</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.UUID.is_safe" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>An enumeration of <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.SafeUUID" title="uuid.SafeUUID"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SafeUUID</span></code></a> which indicates whether the platform generated the UUID in a multiprocessing-safe way.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.7.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-uuid" title="uuid: UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code></a> module defines the following functions:</p> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.getnode"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">getnode</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.getnode" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Get the hardware address as a 48-bit positive integer. The first time this runs, it may launch a separate program, which could be quite slow. If all attempts to obtain the hardware address fail, we choose a random 48-bit number with the multicast bit (least significant bit of the first octet) set to 1 as recommended in <span class="target" id="index-4"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4122.html"><strong>RFC 4122</strong></a>. “Hardware address” means the MAC address of a network interface. On a machine with multiple network interfaces, universally administered MAC addresses (i.e. where the second least significant bit of the first octet is <em>unset</em>) will be preferred over locally administered MAC addresses, but with no other ordering guarantees.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 3.7: </span>Universally administered MAC addresses are preferred over locally administered MAC addresses, since the former are guaranteed to be globally unique, while the latter are not.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.uuid1"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">uuid1</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">node</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">clock_seq</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.uuid1" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Generate a UUID from a host ID, sequence number, and the current time. If <em>node</em> is not given, <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.getnode" title="uuid.getnode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getnode()</span></code></a> is used to obtain the hardware address. If <em>clock_seq</em> is given, it is used as the sequence number; otherwise a random 14-bit sequence number is chosen.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.uuid3"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">uuid3</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">namespace</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">name</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.uuid3" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Generate a UUID based on the MD5 hash of a namespace identifier (which is a UUID) and a name (which is a <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> object or a string that will be encoded using UTF-8).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.uuid4"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">uuid4</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.uuid4" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Generate a random UUID.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py function"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.uuid5"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">uuid5</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">namespace</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">name</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.uuid5" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Generate a UUID based on the SHA-1 hash of a namespace identifier (which is a UUID) and a name (which is a <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> object or a string that will be encoded using UTF-8).</p> </dd></dl> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-uuid" title="uuid: UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code></a> module defines the following namespace identifiers for use with <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid3" title="uuid.uuid3"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid3()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid5" title="uuid.uuid5"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid5()</span></code></a>.</p> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">NAMESPACE_DNS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>When this namespace is specified, the <em>name</em> string is a fully qualified domain name.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.NAMESPACE_URL"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">NAMESPACE_URL</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.NAMESPACE_URL" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>When this namespace is specified, the <em>name</em> string is a URL.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.NAMESPACE_OID"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">NAMESPACE_OID</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.NAMESPACE_OID" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>When this namespace is specified, the <em>name</em> string is an ISO OID.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.NAMESPACE_X500"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">NAMESPACE_X500</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.NAMESPACE_X500" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>When this namespace is specified, the <em>name</em> string is an X.500 DN in DER or a text output format.</p> </dd></dl> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-uuid" title="uuid: UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code></a> module defines the following constants for the possible values of the <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.UUID.variant" title="uuid.UUID.variant"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variant</span></code></a> attribute:</p> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.RESERVED_NCS"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">RESERVED_NCS</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.RESERVED_NCS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Reserved for NCS compatibility.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.RFC_4122"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">RFC_4122</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.RFC_4122" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Specifies the UUID layout given in <span class="target" id="index-5"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4122.html"><strong>RFC 4122</strong></a>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.RESERVED_MICROSOFT"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">RESERVED_MICROSOFT</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.RESERVED_MICROSOFT" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Reserved for Microsoft compatibility.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="py data"> <dt class="sig sig-object py" id="uuid.RESERVED_FUTURE"> <span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">uuid.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">RESERVED_FUTURE</span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#uuid.RESERVED_FUTURE" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Reserved for future definition.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="admonition-title">See also</p> <dl class="simple"> <dt><span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc4122.html"><strong>RFC 4122</strong></a> - A Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace</dt><dd><p>This specification defines a Uniform Resource Name namespace for UUIDs, the internal format of UUIDs, and methods of generating UUIDs.</p> </dd> </dl> </div> <section id="command-line-usage"> <span id="uuid-cli"></span><h2>Command-Line Usage<a class="headerlink" href="#command-line-usage" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified added">Added in version 3.12.</span></p> </div> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-uuid" title="uuid: UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code></a> module can be executed as a script from the command line.</p> <div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>uuid<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>-h<span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>-u<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">{</span>uuid1,uuid3,uuid4,uuid5<span class="o">}]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>-n<span class="w"> </span>NAMESPACE<span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span>-N<span class="w"> </span>NAME<span class="o">]</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>The following options are accepted:</p> <dl class="std option"> <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-uuid-h"> <span id="cmdoption-uuid-help"></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-h</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">,</span> </span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--help</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-uuid-h" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Show the help message and exit.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="std option"> <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-uuid-u"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-u</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><uuid></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-uuid-u" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-uuid-uuid"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--uuid</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><uuid></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-uuid-uuid" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Specify the function name to use to generate the uuid. By default <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid4" title="uuid.uuid4"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid4()</span></code></a> is used.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="std option"> <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-uuid-n"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-n</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><namespace></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-uuid-n" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-uuid-namespace"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--namespace</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><namespace></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-uuid-namespace" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The namespace is a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UUID</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">@ns</span></code> where <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ns</span></code> is a well-known predefined UUID addressed by namespace name. Such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">@dns</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">@url</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">@oid</span></code>, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">@x500</span></code>. Only required for <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid3" title="uuid.uuid3"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid3()</span></code></a> / <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid5" title="uuid.uuid5"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid5()</span></code></a> functions.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="std option"> <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-uuid-N"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">-N</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><name></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-uuid-N" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dt class="sig sig-object std" id="cmdoption-uuid-name"> <span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">--name</span></span><span class="sig-prename descclassname"> <span class="pre"><name></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-uuid-name" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The name used as part of generating the uuid. Only required for <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid3" title="uuid.uuid3"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid3()</span></code></a> / <a class="reference internal" href="#uuid.uuid5" title="uuid.uuid5"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid5()</span></code></a> functions.</p> </dd></dl> </section> <section id="example"> <span id="uuid-example"></span><h2>Example<a class="headerlink" href="#example" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>Here are some examples of typical usage of the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-uuid" title="uuid: UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code></a> module:</p> <div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">uuid</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># make a UUID based on the host ID and current time</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">uuid1</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="go">UUID('a8098c1a-f86e-11da-bd1a-00112444be1e')</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># make a UUID using an MD5 hash of a namespace UUID and a name</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">uuid3</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">NAMESPACE_DNS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'python.org'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">UUID('6fa459ea-ee8a-3ca4-894e-db77e160355e')</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># make a random UUID</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">uuid4</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="go">UUID('16fd2706-8baf-433b-82eb-8c7fada847da')</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># make a UUID using a SHA-1 hash of a namespace UUID and a name</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">uuid5</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">NAMESPACE_DNS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'python.org'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">UUID('886313e1-3b8a-5372-9b90-0c9aee199e5d')</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># make a UUID from a string of hex digits (braces and hyphens ignored)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'{00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f}'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># convert a UUID to a string of hex digits in standard form</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">'00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f'</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># get the raw 16 bytes of the UUID</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bytes</span> <span class="go">b'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f'</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="c1"># make a UUID from a 16-byte string</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">uuid</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">UUID</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">bytes</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bytes</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">UUID('00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f')</span> </pre></div> </div> </section> <section id="command-line-example"> <span id="uuid-cli-example"></span><h2>Command-Line Example<a class="headerlink" href="#command-line-example" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2> <p>Here are some examples of typical usage of the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-uuid" title="uuid: UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code></a> command line interface:</p> <div class="highlight-shell notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># generate a random uuid - by default uuid4() is used</span> $<span class="w"> </span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>uuid <span class="c1"># generate a uuid using uuid1()</span> $<span class="w"> </span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>uuid<span class="w"> </span>-u<span class="w"> </span>uuid1 <span class="c1"># generate a uuid using uuid5</span> $<span class="w"> </span>python<span class="w"> </span>-m<span class="w"> </span>uuid<span class="w"> </span>-u<span class="w"> </span>uuid5<span class="w"> </span>-n<span class="w"> </span>@url<span class="w"> </span>-N<span class="w"> </span>example.com </pre></div> </div> </section> </section> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="Main"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <div> <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code> — UUID objects according to <strong>RFC 4122</strong></a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#command-line-usage">Command-Line Usage</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#example">Example</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#command-line-example">Command-Line Example</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="smtplib.html" title="previous chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">smtplib</span></code> — SMTP protocol client</a></p> </div> <div> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="socketserver.html" title="next chapter"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">socketserver</span></code> — A framework for network servers</a></p> </div> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../bugs.html">Report a Bug</a></li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/main/Doc/library/uuid.rst" rel="nofollow">Show Source </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="sidebarbutton" title="Collapse sidebar"> <span>«</span> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="Related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="socketserver.html" title="socketserver — A framework for network servers" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="smtplib.html" title="smtplib — SMTP protocol client" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li class="switchers"> <div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div> <div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div> </li> <li> </li> <li id="cpython-language-and-version"> <a href="../index.html">3.13.3 Documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="internet.html" >Internet Protocols and Support</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-this"><a href=""><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">uuid</span></code> — UUID objects according to <strong>RFC 4122</strong></a></li> <li class="right"> <div class="inline-search" role="search"> <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input placeholder="Quick search" aria-label="Quick search" type="search" name="q" id="search-box" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> </form> </div> | </li> <li class="right"> <label class="theme-selector-label"> Theme <select class="theme-selector" oninput="activateTheme(this.value)"> <option value="auto" selected>Auto</option> <option value="light">Light</option> <option value="dark">Dark</option> </select> </label> |</li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html"> Copyright </a> 2001-2025, Python Software Foundation. <br /> This page is licensed under the Python Software Foundation License Version 2. <br /> Examples, recipes, and other code in the documentation are additionally licensed under the Zero Clause BSD License. <br /> See <a href="/license.html">History and License</a> for more information.<br /> <br /> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br /> <br /> Last updated on Apr 08, 2025 (14:33 UTC). <a href="/bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br /> Created using <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 8.2.3. </div> </body> </html>