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<section id="module-email.iterators">
<span id="email-iterators-iterators"></span><h1><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.iterators</span></code>: Iterators<a class="headerlink" href="#module-email.iterators" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="extlink-source reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.13/Lib/email/iterators.py">Lib/email/iterators.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>Iterating over a message object tree is fairly easy with the
<a class="reference internal" href="email.compat32-message.html#email.message.Message.walk" title="email.message.Message.walk"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Message.walk</span></code></a> method. The
<a class="reference internal" href="#module-email.iterators" title="email.iterators: Iterate over a message object tree."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">email.iterators</span></code></a> module provides some useful higher level iterations over
message object trees.</p>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.iterators.body_line_iterator">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">email.iterators.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">body_line_iterator</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">msg</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">decode</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">False</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#email.iterators.body_line_iterator" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This iterates over all the payloads in all the subparts of <em>msg</em>, returning the
string payloads line-by-line. It skips over all the subpart headers, and it
skips over any subpart with a payload that isn’t a Python string. This is
somewhat equivalent to reading the flat text representation of the message from
a file using <a class="reference internal" href="io.html#io.TextIOBase.readline" title="io.TextIOBase.readline"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline()</span></code></a>, skipping over all the
intervening headers.</p>
<p>Optional <em>decode</em> is passed through to <a class="reference internal" href="email.compat32-message.html#email.message.Message.get_payload" title="email.message.Message.get_payload"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Message.get_payload</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">email.iterators.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">typed_subpart_iterator</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">msg</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">maintype</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">'text'</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">subtype</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This iterates over all the subparts of <em>msg</em>, returning only those subparts that
match the MIME type specified by <em>maintype</em> and <em>subtype</em>.</p>
<p>Note that <em>subtype</em> is optional; if omitted, then subpart MIME type matching is
done only with the main type. <em>maintype</em> is optional too; it defaults to
<em class="mimetype">text</em>.</p>
<p>Thus, by default <a class="reference internal" href="#email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator" title="email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">typed_subpart_iterator()</span></code></a> returns each subpart that has a
MIME type of <em class="mimetype">text/*</em>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>The following function has been added as a useful debugging tool. It should
<em>not</em> be considered part of the supported public interface for the package.</p>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="email.iterators._structure">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">email.iterators.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">_structure</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">msg</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">fp</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">level</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">0</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">include_default</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">False</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#email.iterators._structure" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Prints an indented representation of the content types of the message object
structure. For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">email</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">message_from_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">somefile</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">_structure</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">multipart/mixed</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
<span class="go"> multipart/digest</span>
<span class="go"> message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
<span class="go"> message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
<span class="go"> message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
<span class="go"> message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
<span class="go"> message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
<span class="go"> text/plain</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Optional <em>fp</em> is a file-like object to print the output to. It must be
suitable for Python’s <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#print" title="print"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print()</span></code></a> function. <em>level</em> is used internally.
<em>include_default</em>, if true, prints the default type as well.</p>
</dd></dl>
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